{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T06:59:33Z","timestamp":1763621973760,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) has been confirmed to induce severe psychiatric symptoms. This syndrome is a rare clinical condition with an etiology that remains unclear. According to current literature, the primary cause of RESLES may be associated with cytotoxic cerebral edema. First reported in 1999, reversible splenial syndrome may be triggered by bacterial or viral infections, epileptic seizures, metabolic disorders, hyperosmolar cerebral edema, and other factors. In this study, we report the case of RESLES in a patient with Graves\u2019 disease and liver dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patient was a 17-year-old female adolescent with persistent headaches, dizziness, and nausea with vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested RESLES as the diagnosis. On admission, the patient presented with elevated free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and positive thyroid-receptor antibodies (TRAb), meeting the diagnostic criteria for Graves\u2019 disease. Concurrently, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also elevated. After hormone therapy, the patient\u2019s symptoms resolved, and imaging results returned to normal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study presents a case of a patient with RESLES characterized by Graves\u2019 disease and liver function abnormalities, who was sensitive to anti-thyroid drug (methimazole) and hormone therapy (methylprednisolone sodium succinate) and had a favorable prognosis. This study contributed to expanding the clinical understanding of RESLES and suggests that, in clinical practice, autoimmune hyperthyroidism may be a novel trigger for RESLES, while concurrent liver dysfunction in this context requires further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1691469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T06:19:55Z","timestamp":1763619595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reversible splenial lesion syndrome associated with Graves\u2019 disease and hepatic dysfunction: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xingchen","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yijia","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jindan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuliang","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.193","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Graves disease: a global overview","volume":"9","author":"Bartalena","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02357-z","article-title":"The splenium of the corpus callosum: embryology, anatomy, function and imaging with pathophysiological hypothesis","volume":"62","author":"Blaauw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2007.3.1.53","article-title":"Mild encephalopathy with reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum and bilateral frontal white matter","volume":"3","author":"Cho","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1179\/2295333713Y.0000000002","article-title":"Reversible splenial lesion in auto-immune thyroid disease: a case report","volume":"69","author":"De Greef","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Clin. Belg."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1608779","article-title":"Mild encephalitis\/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS) due to cytomegalovirus: case report and review of the literature","volume":"49","author":"Feraco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2008.00279.x","article-title":"Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES): what's in a name?","volume":"21","author":"Garcia-Monco","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-020-01696-2","article-title":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with reversible splenial lesion syndrome: a case report","volume":"20","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.00256.x","article-title":"Reversible cytotoxic edema in the splenium of the corpus callosum related to antiepileptic treatment: report of two cases and literature review","volume":"46","author":"Prilipko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307072","article-title":"An MRI review of acquired corpus callosum lesions","volume":"85","author":"Renard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160085","article-title":"Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum that show restricted diffusion: mechanisms, causes, and manifestations","volume":"37","author":"Starkey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000144274.12174.cb","article-title":"Clinically mild encephalitis\/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion","volume":"63","author":"Tada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2022.103491","article-title":"Can plasma exchange therapy be an option for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 related splenial lesion syndrome: two cases from the pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"61","author":"Varol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transfus. Apher. Sci."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00098","article-title":"Transport of thyroid hormone in brain","volume":"5","author":"Wirth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02391-6","article-title":"Reversible splenial lesion syndrome with mental disorders as only manifestation","volume":"21","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1159\/000505019","article-title":"Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome in adults: a small case series","volume":"82","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e512","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000512","article-title":"Clinicoradiological spectrum of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) in adults: a retrospective study of a rare entity","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115917","article-title":"Co-activation of NMDAR and mGluRs controls protein nanoparticle-induced osmotic pressure in neurotoxic edema","volume":"169","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1691469\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T06:19:56Z","timestamp":1763619596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1691469\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2025.1691469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1691469","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"article-number":"1691469"}}