{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:55:42Z","timestamp":1792788942817,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chongqing Research and Innovation Project of Graduate Students","award":["CYS25478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYS25478"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been demonstrated to improve motor function by modulating brain circuits. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. Existing DBS devices often lack suitability for rodent models, which are essential for exploring these mechanisms. The objective of this study is to design a wearable DBS device that enables more effective rodent behavior research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a stimulator specifically designed for rodent behavioral research. The device features several key advantages, including low weight (5 g excluding battery), compact size (30 mm \u00d7 38 mm), and extended battery life (\u2265300 hours). Additionally, it integrates low-power Bluetooth, allowing for real-time wireless adjustment of stimulation parameters, such as frequency (80\u2013150 Hz), pulse width (40\u2013340 \u03bcs), and amplitude (2.3\u20133 V).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The stimulating effect of this device has been verified in a model of mild Parkinson\u2019s disease (mild Parkinsonism) in rats, indicating that the device is effective in regulating the motor functions of rodents with Parkinson\u2019s disease-like conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This wearable DBS device shows broad applicability in behavior-based studies and offers a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms of various brain nuclei in rodent models. It holds significant potential for enhancing the exploration of DBS effects in clinical and experimental settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1707636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T06:36:26Z","timestamp":1767594986000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A wearable deep brain stimulation system for behavioral studies in rodents"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dechun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanghuazi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0212554","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212554","article-title":"Development of a miniature device for emerging deep brain stimulation paradigms","volume":"14","author":"Adams","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27492","article-title":"Attenuation of pain and inflammation in adjuvant-induced arthritis by the proteasome inhibitor MG132","volume":"62","author":"Ahmed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"066010","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/6\/066010","article-title":"A low-cost multichannel wireless neural stimulation system for freely roaming animals","volume":"10","author":"Alam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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