{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:36:31Z","timestamp":1764138991608,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blast-induced ocular trauma is a major cause of vision loss in both civilian and military populations and effective treatments are limited by the adult mammalian retina\u2019s inability to regenerate neurons lost to injury or aging. This study evaluated the neurogenic potential of PNU-282987, an alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, in an adult mouse model of blast-induced retinal trauma. We tested whether a delayed treatment paradigm, initiated after substantial neuronal loss occurred, could induce neurogenesis and restore retinal function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult mice received a single blast exposure, resulting in a significant reduction in cell counts across all retinal layers and decreased electroretinogram (ERG) amplitudes. One month after injury, when neuronal loss was fully established, daily eye drops of PNU- 282987 were administered for two weeks. Neurogenesis and cellular proliferation were assessed using BrdU incorporation and co-labeling with retinal ganglion cell and photoreceptor markers. Retinal function was evaluated with ERG recordings, and cell counts in treated retinas were compared with untreated blasted eyes and uninjured controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Delayed PNU-282987 treatment induced robust cellular proliferation and neurogenesis throughout the retina. Treated retinas showed significantly increased retinal ganglion cell and photoreceptor counts compared with untreated blast-injured eyes, reaching levels not significantly different from control retinas. Electrophysiological analysis revealed a significant recovery of ERG amplitudes, returning to baseline levels in most cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion\/Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate that PNU-282987-induced neurogenesis is sufficient to restore retinal structure and function even when treatment is initiated one month after blast injury. This work establishes a promising novel therapeutic approach for treating retinal trauma in adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1710987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:33:37Z","timestamp":1764138817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist induces retinal neurogenesis and restores electrophysiological function following blast-induced ocular trauma in adult mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Giovanna V.","family":"Nolasco de Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jake B.","family":"Spitsbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Linn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy L.","family":"Linn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Pattern Electroretinogram","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Asanad","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06447.x","article-title":"ACh receptors link two signaling pathways to neuroprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in isolated pig RGCs","volume":"112","author":"Asomugha","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"191","article-title":"Full-field versus multifocal electroretinography","volume":"8","author":"Azarmina","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmic Vis. Res."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-012-9353-y","article-title":"ISCEV standard for clinical pattern electroretinography (PERG): 2012 update","volume":"126","author":"Bach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Doc. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1470","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins and secreted frizzled related protein 2 maintain the quiescence of adult mammalian retinal stem cells","volume":"31","author":"Balenci","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.25.4.839","article-title":"Oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram in hypertensive patients","volume":"25","author":"Bellini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20515","article-title":"Combinatorial treatments for promoting axon regeneration in the CNS: strategies for overcoming inhibitory signals and activating neurons' intrinsic growth state","volume":"67","author":"Benowitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00139576","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases: applications of electroretinographic testing","volume":"4","author":"Berson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153934","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1153934","article-title":"The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave","volume":"16","author":"Bhatt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21870","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000021870","article-title":"Global, national, and regional prevalence, and associated factors of ocular trauma: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Bian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332347","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1332347","article-title":"Inflammation is a critical factor for successful regeneration of the adult zebrafish retina in response to diffuse light lesion","volume":"12","author":"Bludau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"501","article-title":"Visually evoked potentials","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology","author":"Creel","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213x-10-8","article-title":"Analysis of retinal cell development in chick embryo by immunohistochemistry and in ovo electroporation techniques","volume":"10","author":"Doh","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.619965","article-title":"\u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 attenuates early brain injury in a perforation model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats","volume":"42","author":"Duris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1038\/78774","article-title":"Control of M\u00fcller glial cell proliferation and activation following retinal injury","volume":"3","author":"Dyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13632","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2234031100","article-title":"Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in adult brain","volume":"100","author":"Ekdahl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2126-17.2018","article-title":"Notch suppression collaborates with ASCL1 and lin28 to unleash a regenerative response in fish retina, but not in mice","volume":"38","author":"Elsaeidi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-03857-1","article-title":"A comprehensive dataset of pattern electroretinograms for ocular electrophysiology research","volume":"11","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2638","article-title":"Multifocal electroretinogram delays reveal local retinal dysfunction in early diabetic retinopathy","volume":"40","author":"Fortune","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref7001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01316-w","article-title":"The epidemiology and outcomes of combat ocular trauma among local nationals managed at a deployed military hospital in Afghanistan","volume":"35","author":"Gensheimer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3723","article-title":"M\u00fcller glial cell reprogramming and retina regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Goldman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2643","article-title":"Photoreceptor precursors derived from three-dimensional embryonic stem cell cultures integrate and mature within adult degenerate retina","volume":"31","author":"Gonzalez-Cordero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02630-0","article-title":"Activation of adult mammalian retinal stem cells in vivo via antagonism of BMP and sFRP2","volume":"12","author":"Gris\u00e9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.076968","article-title":"The selective \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 [n-[(3r)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride] enhances GABAergic synaptic activity in brain slices and restores auditory gating deficits in anesthetized rats","volume":"312","author":"Haj\u00f3s","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2013.00029","article-title":"Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence","volume":"4","author":"Hendrickson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.03.013","article-title":"A mouse model of ocular blast injury that induces closed globe anterior and posterior pole damage","volume":"99","author":"Hines-Beard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2011.09.001","article-title":"Blast injury: a case study","volume":"20","author":"Housden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Emerg. Nurs."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2651-1_10","article-title":"Electroretinogram (ERG) to evaluate the retina in cases of retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)","volume":"2560","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-021-00334-3","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury and sight loss in military and veteran populations-a review","volume":"8","author":"Hussain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12688","article-title":"A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist prevents loss of retinal ganglion cells in a Glaucoma model","volume":"55","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref7002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.02.003","article-title":"Neuroprotection of rat retinal ganglion cells mediated through alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"237","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606927","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.606927","article-title":"Protective effect of the \u03b17 nicotinic receptor agonist PNU-282987 on dopaminergic neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine, regulating anti-neuroinflammatory and the immune balance pathways in rat","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489445","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1489445","article-title":"War-related eye trauma: a study of civilian and military cases from Ukraine's ongoing conflict","volume":"13","author":"Jonak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23283","article-title":"Stimulation of functional neuronal regeneration from M\u00fcller glia in adult mice","volume":"548","author":"Jorstad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661938","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.661938","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cells-diversity of cell types and clinical relevance","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"235","article-title":"Bomb explosions in acts of terrorism\u2013detonation, wound ballistics, triage and medical concerns","volume":"5","author":"Kluger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Isr. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.10.015","article-title":"Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived photoreceptors restores some visual function in Crx-deficient mice","volume":"4","author":"Lamba","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usac226","article-title":"Ocular trauma and traumatic brain injury on the battlefield: a systematic review after 20 years of fighting the global war on terror","volume":"188","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.12.007","article-title":"M\u00fcller glia: stem cells for generation and regeneration of retinal neurons in teleost fish","volume":"40","author":"Lenkowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043126","article-title":"Origin of retinal oscillatory potentials in the mouse, a tool to specifically locate retinal damage","volume":"24","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3389\/fopht.2023.1190439","article-title":"Target identification and validation of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as a potential therapeutic target in retinal disease","volume":"3","author":"Linn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3076","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.3076","article-title":"Eye drops for delivery of bioactive compounds and BrdU to stimulate proliferation and label mitotically active cells in the adult rodent retina","volume":"8","author":"Linn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bio Protoc."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.227","article-title":"The retina as a window to the brain\u2014from eye research to CNS disorders","volume":"9","author":"London","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5377233","article-title":"Neurogenesis of retinal ganglion cells and functional recovery of ERG activity after glaucoma induction following treatment with Pnu-282987 in adult rodents","author":"Luzadre","year":"2025","journal-title":"SSRN"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523810000246","article-title":"Evidence of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"27","author":"Maneu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.314305","article-title":"Current and future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of retinal neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"17","author":"Maneu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01614-x","article-title":"Clinical electrophysiology of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells","volume":"35","author":"Marmoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.07.036","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection induced by activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"99","author":"Mata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01359-z","article-title":"Incidence of ocular blast injuries in modern conflict","volume":"35","author":"McMaster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24672","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cell replacement: current status and challenges ahead","volume":"248","author":"Miltner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3440","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11522","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cell damage in an experimental rodent model of blast-mediated traumatic brain injury","volume":"54","author":"Mohan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088417","article-title":"Inflammatory blockade restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis","volume":"302","author":"Monje","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e048965","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-048965","article-title":"Characteristics of eye injuries, medical cost, and return-to-work status among industrial workers: a retrospective study","volume":"12","author":"Omar","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1046","article-title":"BrdU positive cells induced in a genetic mouse model of glaucoma","volume":"6","author":"Paris","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthal Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-2457(00)00525-3","article-title":"Impaired visual function in glaucoma","volume":"112","author":"Parisi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8860","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35996-7","article-title":"Effects of normal aging on the mouse retina assessed by full-field flash and flicker electroretinography","volume":"13","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.12.020","article-title":"Wnt signaling promotes axonal regeneration following optic nerve injury in the mouse","volume":"343","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1021\/pr800731z","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of an a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor interactome","volume":"8","author":"Paulo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/s44321-025-00209-3","article-title":"AAV-mediated expression of proneural factors stimulates neurogenesis from adult M\u00fcller glia in vivo","volume":"17","author":"Pavlou","year":"2025","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2017.04.007","article-title":"Light and the laboratory mouse","volume":"300","author":"Peirson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3565","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01515-0","article-title":"The photopic negative response (PhNR): measurement approaches and utility in glaucoma","volume":"40","author":"Prencipe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3615","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_609_23","article-title":"Combat ocular trauma in counterinsurgency operations","volume":"71","author":"Rana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12502","article-title":"Elucidating the effects of primary blast on the eye","volume":"43","author":"Rex","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8057","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10591","article-title":"Primary blast injury to the eye and orbit: finite element modeling","volume":"53","author":"Rossi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44816-w","article-title":"Histamine modulates hippocampal inflammation and neurogenesis in adult mice","volume":"9","author":"Saraiva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.2.27","article-title":"Identifying the retinal layers linked to human contrast sensitivity via deep learning","volume":"63","author":"Shamsi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1326","article-title":"Regeneration beyond the glial scar","volume":"5","author":"Silver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-1-51","article-title":"Blast overpressure induces shear-related injuries in the brain of rats exposed to a mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"1","author":"Sosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.12.017","article-title":"Functional changes in the adult mouse retina using an Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist after blast exposure","volume":"512","author":"Spitsbergen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00200","article-title":"Involvement of HB-EGF\/Ascl1\/Lin28a genes in dedifferentiation of adult mammalian M\u00fcller glia","volume":"7","author":"Stanchfield","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b25-00308","article-title":"Stimulation of \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by PNU282987 demonstrates Efferocytosis-like activation and neuroprotection in human models of microglia and cholinergic neurons under the pathophysiological conditions of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"48","author":"Sueyoshi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109857","article-title":"Efficient stimulation of retinal regeneration from M\u00fcller glia in adult mice using combinations of proneural bHLH transcription factors","volume":"37","author":"Todd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabq7219","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq7219","article-title":"Reprogramming M\u00fcller glia to regenerate ganglion-like cells in adult mouse retina with developmental transcription factors","volume":"8","author":"Todd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70334-1","article-title":"Developmental changes in the accessible chromatin, transcriptome and Ascl1-binding correlate with the loss in M\u00fcller glial regenerative potential","volume":"10","author":"VandenBosch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003","article-title":"Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina","volume":"51","author":"Vecino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icu.0000193082.44938.3c","article-title":"Pattern electroretinogram in glaucoma","volume":"17","author":"Ventura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Retinal regeneration in the Xenopus laevis tadpole: a new model system","volume":"15","author":"Vergara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Vision"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6046","article-title":"Rapid repeat exposure to subthreshold trauma causes synergistic axonal damage and functional deficits in the visual pathway in a mouse model","volume":"36","author":"Vest","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2006.09.019","article-title":"Design, synthesis, structure\u2013activity relationship, and in vivo activity of azabicyclic aryl amides as \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists. Bioorganic & amp","volume":"14","author":"Walker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2016.05.009","article-title":"Retina regeneration in zebrafish","volume":"40","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102640","article-title":"Activation of \u03b17 nAChR by PNU-282987 improves synaptic and cognitive functions through restoring the expression of synaptic-associated proteins and the CaM-CaMKII-CREB signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25722","article-title":"Stimulation of retinal pigment epithelium with an \u03b17 nAChR agonist leads to M\u00fcller glia dependent neurogenesis in the adult mammalian retina","volume":"60","author":"Webster","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.01.029","article-title":"Evidence of BrdU-positive retinal neurons after application of an alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist","volume":"346","author":"Webster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108717","article-title":"Stimulation of \u03b17 nAChR leads to regeneration of damaged neurons in adult mammalian retinal disease models","volume":"210","author":"Webster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-022-02049-z","article-title":"Transcriptome changes in retinal pigment epithelium post-PNU-282987 treatment associated with adult retinal neurogenesis in mice","volume":"72","author":"Webster","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9556","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.179556","article-title":"MicroRNAs miR-25, let-7 and miR-124 regulate the neurogenic potential of M\u00fcller glia in mice","volume":"146","author":"Wohl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-022-00438-4","article-title":"Explosive eye injuries: characteristics, traumatic mechanisms, and prognostic factors for poor visual outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02092-6","article-title":"Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist promotes retinal ganglion cell function via modulating GABAergic presynaptic activity in a chronic glaucomatous model","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4351","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-02857-9","article-title":"Context-dependent effects of inflammation on retina regeneration","volume":"59","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1710987\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:33:39Z","timestamp":1764138819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1710987\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"references-count":89,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2025.1710987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1710987","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"article-number":"1710987"}}