{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:15:00Z","timestamp":1788243300965,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medulloblastomas (MBs) are a highly aggressive paediatric brain tumour which is very difficult to treat. Lipid metabolism has emerged as a crucial determinant of tumour progression, metastasis and therapy resistance in MBs. Lipid droplets (LDs) are lipid-rich organelles that store neutral lipids; their biology and function remain poorly characterised within MBs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MB cells from the low-aggressive Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup (DAOY, UW228-2) and the high-aggressive group 3 (G4) and group 4 (G4) subgroups (D458, D283) were treated with 80\u202f\u03bcM oleic acid (OA), 50\u202f\u03bcM cholesterol (Chol) or a mix to induce LD formation. LDs were isolated, and lipidomic analysis was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No lipid species were consistently upregulated across all cell lines under any treatment condition. SHH cell lines exhibited a broad and consistent lipidomic response across all three treatments, resulting in a pronounced triacylglyceride (TAG) and cholesterol ester (CE) storage profile. The more aggressive subgroups exhibited a more selective, OA-driven phenotype, characterised by longer-chain TAG and CE species. Across all cell lines, OA produced the strongest LD expansion and metabolic separation, whereas Chol elicited a more restricted but highly subgroup-specific signature. G3\/G4 Chol responses provide evidence for lipid metabolism rewiring, which could be responsible for the more aggressive phenotype.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate that MB subtypes not only exhibit distinct basal lipid signatures but also engage in fundamentally different lipid remodelling in response to FA overload. These distinct lipid-handling signatures display metabolic heterogeneity across MB subgroups and suggest subtype-specific vulnerabilities. Overall, these findings position LD remodelling as a potential metabolic target of MB cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2026.1863712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:33:55Z","timestamp":1788240835000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lipidomic analysis of isolated lipid droplets reveals potential metabolic pathway differences between medulloblastoma subgroups"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Kian","family":"Cotton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath","place":["Bath, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Stafford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath","place":["Bath, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath","place":["Bath, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Victoria","family":"Niklison-Chirou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath","place":["Bath, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London","place":["London, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaa254","article-title":"An extracellular vesicle-related gene expression signature identifies high-risk patients in medulloblastoma","volume":"23","author":"Albert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.12.012","article-title":"Multiomic integration reveals tumoral heterogeneity of lipid dependence within lethal group 3 medulloblastoma","volume":"44","author":"Bernardi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-01797-8","article-title":"Are lipid droplets the picnic basket of brain tumours?","volume":"10","author":"Bingi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.06.002","article-title":"Targeting DGAT1 ameliorates glioblastoma by increasing fat catabolism and oxidative stress","volume":"32","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07829-0","article-title":"Simvastatin suppresses spinal cord metastasis of medulloblastoma at clinically significant doses","volume":"16","author":"Comer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5407","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15225407","article-title":"Oleic acid exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activities via the PTEN\/AKT\/mTOR pathway in endometrial Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051365","article-title":"Evolving diagnostic and treatment strategies for pediatric CNS tumors: the impact of lipid metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-024-05990-1","article-title":"Metabolomic profiling of childhood medulloblastoma: contributions and relevance to diagnosis and molecular subtyping","volume":"150","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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