{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:09:23Z","timestamp":1789736963035,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic migraine (CM) is more disabling than episodic migraine (EM), but the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying migraine chronification remain incompletely understood. We investigated central executive network (CEN)-related neuromagnetic abnormalities in CM and EM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The original cohort included 22 patients with CM, 20 with EM, and 25 healthy controls (HCs). An independent validation cohort included 30 patients with CM and 30 with EM. Source-space analyses focused on 10 predefined CEN-related regions from the Desikan\u2013Killiany atlas. Relative power spectral density (PSD) across six frequency bands and functional connectivity using corrected amplitude envelope correlation and network-based statistics were assessed. An exploratory support vector machine (SVM) analysis evaluated the discriminative value of CEN-related spectral and connectivity features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PSD abnormalities were mainly observed in the theta, beta, and gamma1 bands and were largely driven by CM. Compared with HCs, CM showed increased theta-band relative power in left frontal CEN-related regions and reduced beta- and gamma1-band relative power in right frontal regions. Compared with EM, CM showed increased theta-band relative power in left frontal regions. Functional connectivity analysis revealed frequency-specific subnetworks in the theta, beta, delta, and gamma1 bands. Compared with HCs, CM showed increased theta- and gamma1-band connectivity and reduced beta-band connectivity, whereas EM showed more limited reductions in beta- and gamma1-band connectivity. CM also showed stronger delta- and gamma1-band connectivity than EM, predominantly involving prefrontal regions. The SVM combining two PSD and eight connectivity features achieved an accuracy of 90.48% and an AUC of 0.9773 (95% CI: 0.93\u20131.00) in the original cohort, and an accuracy of 86.67% and an AUC of 0.8322 (95% CI: 0.76\u20130.95) in the independent validation cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CM is associated with more extensive and frequency-specific CEN-related neuromagnetic abnormalities than EM, particularly within prefrontal\u2013frontoparietal circuits. These findings suggest altered executive-control-related cortical dynamics during migraine chronification, while combined spectral and connectivity features may help differentiate CM from EM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2026.1865928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:35:54Z","timestamp":1788240954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Central executive network-related neuromagnetic abnormalities in chronic and episodic migraine: a resting-state magnetoencephalography study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy and Headache Group, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanwen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanyong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy and Headache Group, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","article-title":"The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition","volume":"38","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004089","article-title":"Modulation of intrinsic resting-state fMRI networks in women with chronic migraine","volume":"89","author":"Androulakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4504","article-title":"Magnetoencephalography for brain electrophysiology and imaging","volume":"20","author":"Baillet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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