{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T06:26:58Z","timestamp":1786688818653,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The thalamus is one of the structures that receives projections from multiple ascending pain pathways. Although the transmission of orofacial and somatic pain involves different nuclear clusters and nerve pathways, the thalamic neuroimmune alterations across these different pain modalities remain poorly understood. This work aimed to investigate alterations in the neuroimmune mechanisms of the thalamus under chronic orofacial and somatic inflammatory pain conditions via bioinformatics analysis and to identify novel therapeutic targets for chronic pain management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To illuminate the potential molecular mechanisms in inflammatory pain, we compared thalamic mRNA expression levels between Complete Freund\u2019s Adjuvant (CFA) induced chronic orofacial pain and somatic inflammatory pain in rats. Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to determine functional pathway enrichment and protein\u2013protein network analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overlapping of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between chronic orofacial pain and plantar pain included 13 genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly related to inflammatory response, immune system process, and cytokine activity. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis highlighted a prominent enrichment in the IL-17 signaling pathway. The RT-qPCR was used to identify the mRNA expressions of DEGs in the thalamus of rats with chronic orofacial and plantar inflammatory pain, thereby validating our analytical results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study identified candidate hub genes that are associated with the pathogenesis of chronic orofacial and somatic inflammatory pain in the thalamus, which provides preliminary insights into potential alterations in immune mechanisms within the thalamus under different pain conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2026.1879002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T05:32:11Z","timestamp":1786685531000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioinformatics-based identification of potential genes in the thalamus associated with chronic orofacial and somatic inflammatory pain"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan-Juan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di-Yin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Tian","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Aging-related Diseases Mechanisms and Translation, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]},{"name":"Biomedical and Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Shanxi University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2018.10.008","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART): a multifaceted neuropeptide","volume":"110","author":"Ahmadian-Moghadam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2024.103957","article-title":"Study on the involvement of microglial S100A8 in neuroinflammation and microglia activation during migraine attacks","volume":"130","author":"An","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. 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