{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:57:18Z","timestamp":1790575038109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between multidimensional sleep behaviors and incident cervical disc disorders. This study examined whether a composite healthy sleep pattern was associated with the subsequent risk of cervical disc disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank. Participants with baseline cervical disc disorders or missing data were excluded, leaving 399,862 participants for analysis. A composite healthy sleep score was derived from five sleep characteristics: sleep chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness. The primary outcome was incident cervical disc disorders, identified using ICD-10 codes (M50). Cox proportional hazards models were fitted with adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During follow-up, 2,735 incident cases were documented. Each 1-point increase in the healthy sleep score was associated with an 18% lower risk (HR\u202f=\u202f0.82; 95% CI: 0.79\u20130.85). Participants with a score of 5 had a lower risk than those with a score of 0\u20131 (HR\u202f=\u202f0.43; 95% CI: 0.35\u20130.52). The inverse association was stronger among participants with higher socioeconomic deprivation (\n                      <jats:italic>P for interaction<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.018).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cohort analysis, baseline adherence to healthy sleep behaviors was associated with a significantly lower risk of cervical disc disorders, suggesting that promoting healthy sleep may be a viable strategy for primary prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2026.1940620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:45:14Z","timestamp":1790574314000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of healthy sleep patterns with incident cervical disc disorders: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Wanyue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanzhao","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruihua","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiguo","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxiao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weisheng","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000854","article-title":"Sleep characteristics in adults with and without chronic musculoskeletal pain: the role of mental distress and pain catastrophizing","volume":"36","author":"Abeler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.08.001","article-title":"Effects of sleep changes on pain-related health outcomes in the general population: a systematic review of longitudinal studies with exploratory meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Afolalu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101695","article-title":"The differential effects of sleep deprivation on pain perception in individuals with or without chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"66","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0034","article-title":"Sleep duration and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"45","author":"Chaput","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref9002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32340-0","article-title":"Global estimates of the need for rehabilitation based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Cieza","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2025.101258","article-title":"Cervical flexion posture during smartphone use was not a risk factor for neck pain, but low sleep quality and insufficient levels of physical activity were. A longitudinal investigation","volume":"29","author":"Correia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Braz. J. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209428","article-title":"The intervertebral disc contains intrinsic circadian clocks that are regulated by age and cytokines and linked to degeneration","volume":"76","author":"Dudek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz849","article-title":"Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective study of 385 292 UK biobank participants","volume":"41","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.08.007","article-title":"The association of sleep and pain: an update and a path forward","volume":"14","author":"Finan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-053999","article-title":"Prospective, population-based study of occupational movements and postures of the neck as risk factors for cervical disc herniation","volume":"12","author":"Flachs","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref9001","first-page":"e142","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain, 1990-2021, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","volume-title":"The Lancet Rheumatology","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2016.06.012","article-title":"Texting on mobile phones and musculoskeletal disorders in young adults: a five-year cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04251-3","article-title":"Multi-dimensional sleep health and dementia risk: a prospective study in the UK biobank","volume":"23","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5432-9","article-title":"The global spine care initiative: a summary of the global burden of low back and neck pain studies","volume":"27","author":"Hurwitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem","author":"Colten","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04957-4","article-title":"Neck pain: global epidemiology, trends and risk factors","volume":"23","author":"Kazeminasab","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5643839","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5643839","article-title":"Diagnosis and incidence of spondylosis and cervical disc disorders in the university clinical Hospital in Olsztyn, in years 2011-2015","volume":"2018","author":"Kolenkiewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2408-18.2018","article-title":"The pain of sleep loss: a brain characterization in humans","volume":"39","author":"Krause","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050792","article-title":"Adherence to a healthy sleep pattern and incident heart failure: a prospective study of 408 802 UK biobank participants","volume":"143","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-014-0968-z","article-title":"Sleep disturbances predict long-term changes in low back pain among Finnish firefighters: 13-year follow-up study","volume":"88","author":"Lusa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.65973","article-title":"Melatonin reverses tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced metabolic disturbance of human nucleus pulposus cells via MTNR1B\/G\u03b1i2\/YAP signaling","volume":"18","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt312","article-title":"Comparison of random forest and parametric imputation models for imputing missing data using MICE: a CALIBER study","volume":"179","author":"Shah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4443","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000002491","article-title":"Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and osteoarthritis risk: insights from the UK biobank and external validation in the Xiangya osteoarthritis study","volume":"111","author":"Sha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.07.165","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation as mediator between diet and behavioral disinhibition: a UK biobank study","volume":"106","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004735","article-title":"Evaluation of genetic and nongenetic risk factors for degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"48","author":"Shlykov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001053","article-title":"Chronic exposure to insufficient sleep alters processes of pain habituation and sensitization","volume":"159","author":"Simpson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S211574","article-title":"Sleep, experimental pain and clinical pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and healthy controls","volume":"12","author":"Stroemel-Scheder","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001779","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779","article-title":"UK biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age","volume":"12","author":"Sudlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"ref9003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95667-3","article-title":"Lumbar spine abnormalities in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"28","author":"Tarnoki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113582","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.113582","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea as a modifiable contributor to chronic pain in rheumatologic disease: the potential role of continuous positive airway pressure therapy","volume":"18","author":"Tasneem","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S290045","article-title":"Lower plasma melatonin in the intervertebral disk degeneration patients was associated with increased Proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"16","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2035-5","article-title":"Insomnia and risk of chronic musculoskeletal complaints: longitudinal data from the HUNT study, Norway","volume":"19","author":"Uhlig","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.141","article-title":"Musculoskeletal system: catching the rhythm of disc degeneration","volume":"12","author":"Ummarino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173836","article-title":"The association between sleep and chronic spinal pain: a systematic review from the last decade","volume":"10","author":"Van Looveren","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2022.03.029","article-title":"Association of Lifestyle Behaviors with Hearing Loss: the UK biobank cohort study","volume":"97","author":"Y\u00e9venes-Briones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10499","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102472","article-title":"Melatonin modulates IL-1\u03b2-induced extracellular matrix remodeling in human nucleus pulposus cells and attenuates rat intervertebral disc degeneration and inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834561","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1834561","article-title":"Circadian regulation in intervertebral disc degeneration: mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05287-w","article-title":"Association of healthy sleep patterns with incident sepsis: a large population-based prospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Zou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Care"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2026.1940620\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:45:15Z","timestamp":1790574315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2026.1940620\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2026.1940620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2026.1940620","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"article-number":"1940620"}}