{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:21:03Z","timestamp":1790922063233,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Integr. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms that differentiate mind\u2013body practices from aerobic physical activities and elucidate their effects on cognition and healthy aging. We examined functional brain connectivity in older adults (age\u2009&amp;gt;\u200960) without pre-existing uncontrolled chronic diseases, comparing Tai Chi with Water Aerobics practitioners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional, case\u2013control fMRI study involving two strictly matched groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932) based on gender, age, education, and years of practice. Seed-to-voxel analysis was performed using the Salience, and Frontoparietal Networks as seed regions in Stroop Word-Color and N-Back tasks and Resting State.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During Resting State condition and using Salience network as a seed, Tai Chi group exhibited a stronger correlation between Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Insular Cortex areas (regions related to interoceptive awareness, cognitive control and motor organization of subjective aspects of experience). In N-Back task and using Salience network as seed, Tai Chi group showed increased correlation between Left Supramarginal Gyrus and various cerebellar regions (related to memory, attention, cognitive processing, sensorimotor control and cognitive flexibility). In Stroop task, using Salience network as seed, Tai Chi group showed enhanced correlation between Left Rostral Prefrontal Cortex and Right Occipital Pole, and Right Lateral Occipital Cortex (areas associated with sustained attention, prospective memory, mediate attention between external stimuli and internal intention). Additionally, in Stroop task, using Frontoparietal network as seed, Water Aerobics group exhibited a stronger correlation between Left Posterior Parietal Lobe (specialized in word meaning, representing motor actions, motor planning directed to objects, and general perception) and different cerebellar regions (linked to object mirroring).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study provides evidence of differences in functional connectivity between older adults who have received training in a mind\u2013body practice (Tai Chi) or in an aerobic physical activity (Water Aerobics) when performing attentional and working memory tasks, as well as during resting state.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2024.1420339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T04:12:06Z","timestamp":1726027926000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Differences in brain connectivity between older adults practicing Tai Chi and Water Aerobics: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Port","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur Jos\u00e9 Marques","family":"Paulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymundo Machado","family":"de Azevedo Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley Silva","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Radvany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Forghieri","family":"Santaella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa Harumi","family":"Kozasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1652-20.2020","article-title":"Neural encoding and representation of time for sensorimotor control and learning","volume":"41","author":"Balasubramaniam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Physiological assessment of head-out aquatic exercises in healthy subjects: a qualitative review","volume":"8","author":"Barbosa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","article-title":"An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90050-5","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Beck depression inventory: twenty-five years of evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Beck","year":"","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr264","article-title":"Rostral prefrontal cortex and the focus of attention in prospective memory","volume":"22","author":"Benoit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"01","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X1994000100001","article-title":"O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental em uma popula\u00e7\u00e3o geral: impacto da escolaridade","volume":"52","author":"Bertolucci","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011336","article-title":"Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia","volume":"2014","author":"Bidonde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp055","article-title":"Where is the semantic system? A critical review and Meta-analysis of 120 functional neuroimaging studies","volume":"19","author":"Binder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0174","article-title":"T\u2019ai chi and Qigong for health: patterns of use in the United States","volume":"15","author":"Birdee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20254","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112029108","article-title":"Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity","volume":"108","author":"Brewer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7709","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2177-05.2005","article-title":"Molecular, structural, and functional characterization of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: evidence for a relationship between default activity, amyloid, and memory","volume":"25","author":"Buckner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00134-7","article-title":"The cognitive and neuroanatomical correlates of multitasking","volume":"38","author":"Burgess","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.1991.10608716","article-title":"Maximal responses to treadmill and deep water running in high school female cross country runners","volume":"62","author":"Butts","year":"1991","journal-title":"Res. Q. Exerc. Sport"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2459","article-title":"The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an attentional account","volume":"9","author":"Cabeza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/08989290051137585","article-title":"Imaging cognition II: an empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies","volume":"12","author":"Cabeza","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1297-7","article-title":"Salience network connectivity in the insula is associated with individual differences in interoceptive accuracy","volume":"222","author":"Chong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-4388(03)00090-4","article-title":"Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body","volume":"13","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2555","article-title":"How do you feel \u2014 now? The anterior insula and human awareness","volume":"10","author":"Craig","year":"","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2606-c1","article-title":"A rat is not a monkey is not a human: comment on Mogil","volume":"10","author":"Craig","year":"","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.05990.x","article-title":"Significance of the insula for the evolution of human awareness of feelings from the body","volume":"1225","author":"Craig","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20749","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of autonomic, affective, and cognitive integration","volume":"493","author":"Critchley","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176","article-title":"Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness","volume":"7","author":"Critchley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.665419","article-title":"Tai chi Chuan alters brain functional network plasticity and promotes cognitive flexibility","volume":"12","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e322","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2019\/e322","article-title":"Effects of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy and oxidative stress in depressed elderly individuals: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"74","author":"da Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.1.123","article-title":"The brain binds entities and events by multiregional activation from convergence zones","volume":"1","author":"Damasio","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00135","article-title":"Increasing our insular world view: Interoception and psychopathology for psychotherapists","volume":"11","author":"Duquette","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-072720-014213","article-title":"Cognitive aging and the promise of physical activity","volume":"18","author":"Erickson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1015950108","article-title":"Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory","volume":"108","author":"Erickson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00763","article-title":"Interoception, contemplative practice, and health","volume":"6","author":"Farb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nss066","article-title":"Mindfulness meditation training alters cortical representations of interoceptive attention","volume":"8","author":"Farb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102000000200012","article-title":"Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da vers\u00e3o em portugu\u00eas do instrumento abreviado de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da qualidade de vida \"WHOQOL-bref\"","volume":"34","author":"Fleck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23844","article-title":"Intrinsic connectivity network disruption in progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"73","author":"Gardner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3256","article-title":"The cognitive neuroscience of ageing","volume":"13","author":"Grady","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2017.07.005","article-title":"Embodied cognition and the cerebellum: perspectives from the Dysmetria of thought and the universal cerebellar transform theories","volume":"100","author":"Guell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.04.009","article-title":"Keeping order in the brain: the supramarginal gyrus and serial order in short-term memory","volume":"119","author":"Guidali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16162","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1010-12.2012","article-title":"Left dorsal premotor cortex and Supramarginal gyrus complement each other during rapid action reprogramming","volume":"32","author":"Hartwigsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134683","article-title":"The Stroop effect: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis in healthy young adults","volume":"716","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref9001","article-title":"JASP statistics software version 0.19.0","year":"202"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/s1053-8119(02)91132-8","article-title":"Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images","volume":"17","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/s1361-8415(01)00036-6","article-title":"A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images","volume":"5","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5585239","article-title":"Tai chi and Qigong for depressive symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review with Meta-analysis","volume":"2021","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2017.12.004","article-title":"Interoception and mental health: a roadmap","volume":"3","author":"Khalsa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2011.04.006","article-title":"Conceptual representations in mind and brain: theoretical developments, current evidence and future directions","volume":"48","author":"Kiefer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00237","article-title":"Treating Depression With Tai Chi: State of the Art and Future Perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.06.088","article-title":"Meditation training increases brain efficiency in an attention task","volume":"59","author":"Kozasa","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-0989-8","article-title":"Interoceptive awareness changes the posterior insula functional connectivity profile","volume":"221","author":"Kuehn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117041","article-title":"Left posterior inferior parietal cortex causally supports the retrieval of action knowledge","volume":"219","author":"Kuhnke","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11081097","article-title":"Effects of aquatic exercise and land-based exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness, motor function, balance, and functional Independence in stroke patients\u2014a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.858833","article-title":"Altered effective connectivity of resting-state networks by tai chi Chuan in chronic fatigue syndrome patients: a multivariate granger causality study","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2018.20.2\/smarek","article-title":"The frontoparietal network: function, electrophysiology, and importance of individual precision mapping","volume":"20","author":"Marek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.08.003","article-title":"Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: a unifying triple network model","volume":"15","author":"Menon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.09.029","article-title":"Integrative brain network and salience models of psychopathology and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia","volume":"94","author":"Menon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20131","article-title":"N-back working memory paradigm: a meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies","volume":"25","author":"Owen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.07.006","article-title":"Aberrant limbic and salience network resting-state functional connectivity in panic disorder without comorbidity","volume":"145","author":"Pannekoek","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.12.073","article-title":"An evaluation of the efficacy, reliability, and sensitivity of motion correction strategies for resting-state functional MRI","volume":"171","author":"Parkes","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0198319","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198319","article-title":"The effect of 12 weeks of water-aerobics on health status and physical fitness: an ecological approach","volume":"13","author":"Pereira Neiva","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00056-6","article-title":"An fMRI study of Stroop word-color interference: evidence for cingulate subregions subserving multiple distributed attentional systems","volume":"45","author":"Peterson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20258","article-title":"Neural systems connecting interoceptive awareness and feelings","volume":"28","author":"Pollatos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2018.04.007","article-title":"Cognition and brain function in elderly tai chi practitioners: a case-control study","volume":"14","author":"Port","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13915","article-title":"The neurobiology of interoception in health and disease","volume":"1428","author":"Quadt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref61","volume-title":"Neuroanatomy, Occipital Lobe","author":"Rehman","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref9002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462011005000007","article-title":"Applicability of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test to an adult sample in Brazil","volume":"33","author":"Salgado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry,"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1133367","article-title":"The role of the salience network in cognitive and affective deficits","volume":"17","author":"Schimmelpfennig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.07.005","article-title":"The cerebellum and cognition","volume":"688","author":"Schmahmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-116","article-title":"Psychometric properties and longitudinal validation of the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) in a Rwandan community setting: a validation study","volume":"11","author":"Scholte","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.03.024","article-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases target large-scale human brain networks","volume":"62","author":"Seeley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10062","article-title":"Fast robust automated brain extraction","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0777","article-title":"The relationship between functional connectivity and interoceptive sensibility","volume":"12","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400917697342","article-title":"Resting state fMRI: a review on methods in resting state connectivity analysis and resting state networks","volume":"30","author":"Smitha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroradiol. J."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.05.019","article-title":"The impact of tai chi and Qigong mind-body exercises on motor and non-motor function and quality of life in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref70","volume-title":"A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary","author":"Spreen","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.2.318","article-title":"Increased amygdala and insula activation during emotion processing in anxiety-prone subjects","volume":"164","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.04.010","article-title":"Effects of exercise on brain and cognition across age groups and health states","volume":"43","author":"Stillman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.13181\/mji.v27i4.2107","article-title":"Aquatic versus land-based exercise for cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Tamin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medical J. Indonesia."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3916","article-title":"The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation","volume":"16","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15649","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011043107","article-title":"Short-term meditation induces white matter changes in the anterior cingulate","volume":"107","author":"Tang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.81","article-title":"Aging and functional brain networks","volume":"17","author":"Tomasi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref77","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00296","article-title":"Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness","volume":"6","author":"Vago","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.09.033","article-title":"Social cognition and the cerebellum: a meta-analysis of over 350 fMRI studies","volume":"86","author":"Van Overwalle","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-020-01155-1","article-title":"Consensus paper: cerebellum and social cognition","volume":"19","author":"Van Overwalle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.08.001","article-title":"Bridging animal and human models of exercise-induced brain plasticity","volume":"17","author":"Voss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12611","article-title":"Effect of tai chi on cognitive performance in older adults: systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Wayne","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref83","volume-title":"Escala de Intelig\u00eancia de Wechsler para Adultos: Manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0073","article-title":"Conn: a functional connectivity toolbox for correlated and Anticorrelated brain networks","volume":"2","author":"Whitfield-Gabrieli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0931","article-title":"Temporal autocorrelation in univariate linear modeling of FMRI data","volume":"14","author":"Woolrich","year":"2001","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref86","first-page":"46","article-title":"Integrated care for older people: guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118190","article-title":"Emergence of canonical functional networks from the structural connectome","volume":"237","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00014","article-title":"Distinct insular functional connectivity changes related to mood and fatigue improvements in major depressive disorder following tai chi training: a pilot study","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00476","article-title":"Effects of tai chi Chuan on inhibitory control in elderly women: an fNIRS study","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8010067","article-title":"Differential effects of tai chi Chuan (motor-cognitive training) and walking on brain networks: a resting-state fMRI study in Chinese women aged 60","volume":"8","author":"Yue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.03.004","article-title":"Predicting regional neurodegeneration from the healthy brain functional connectome","volume":"73","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnint.2024.1420339\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T04:12:17Z","timestamp":1726027937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnint.2024.1420339\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnint.2024.1420339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnint.2024.1420339","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"article-number":"1420339"}}