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Mol. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinocerebellar ataxia 19\/22 (SCA19\/22) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations of the<jats:italic>KCND3<\/jats:italic>gene, which encodes the Kv4. 3 protein. Currently, only 22<jats:italic>KCND3<\/jats:italic>single-nucleotide mutation sites of SCA19\/22 have been reported worldwide, and detailed pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, Sanger sequencing was used to screen 115 probands of cerebellar ataxia families in 67 patients with sporadic cerebellar ataxia and 200 healthy people to identify<jats:italic>KCND3<\/jats:italic>mutations. Mutant gene products showed pathogenicity damage, and the polarity was changed. Next, we established induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from SCA19\/22 patients. Using a transcriptome sequencing technique, we found that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was significantly enriched in SCA19\/22-iPS-derived neurons and was closely related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis. In addition, Western blotting of the SCA19\/22-iPS-derived neurons showed a reduction in Kv4.3; but, activation of transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C\/EBP homologous protein was increased. Therefore, the c.1130 C&amp;gt;T (p.T377M) mutation of the<jats:italic>KCND3<\/jats:italic>gene may mediate misfold and aggregation of Kv4.3, which activates the ERS and further induces neuron apoptosis involved in SCA19\/22.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.919199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T14:19:08Z","timestamp":1655993948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Rare KCND3 Loss-of-Function Mutation Associated With the SCA19\/22"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mengjie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiadi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengwei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongrui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhe","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9498","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5397-12.2013","article-title":"Tau accumulation activates the unfolded protein response by impairing endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation","volume":"33","author":"Abisambra","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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