{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:38:59Z","timestamp":1792795139944,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In recent years, there has been growing interest in the study of gut microbiota and its relationship with multiple diseases, ranging from digestive problems to cognitive disorders. The composition of this microbiota is determined by external and internal factors\u2014such as psychosocial or environmental aspects\u2014and is closely linked to diet, since the foods we consume provide nutrients and establish the conditions of the intestinal environment. The gut\u2013brain axis describes how the intestinal microbial flora and the compounds it produces generate and transmit signals that act on our nervous system and regulate multiple processes in the body. This systematic review aims to explore the impact of the Mediterranean Diet on the composition of the gut microbiota and to analyze its effects on various cognitive conditions, such as memory. Based on a review of 20 articles, we examined how the Mediterranean Diet\u2014characterized by high consumption of olive oil, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and fish\u2014modulates the microbiota in the human gut. The results showed that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is associated with an increase in beneficial bacteria such as\n                    <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and with greater production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate. The Mediterranean Diet appears to exert a neuroprotective role in disorders such as mild cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and metabolic diseases. This protective function, derived from changes in the gut microbiota, leads to improvements in cognitive function. Overall, the findings underscore the direct relationship between nutrition and mental health and reinforce the value of the Mediterranean Diet as a preventive strategy and a modulator of cognition through the gut\u2013brain axis, promoting brain health across the lifespan.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420251273990.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1749308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T06:43:59Z","timestamp":1773125039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Mediterranean diet and gut microbiota: impact on memory and other cognitive functions: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Victoria","family":"Ibeas-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, University of Seville","place":["Seville, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Ag\u00fc\u00ed-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, University of Seville","place":["Seville, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Arias-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, University of Seville","place":["Seville, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Mart\u00edn-Monz\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness Neuroscience Group, Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal. 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