{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:05:35Z","timestamp":1789452335236,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Neurosci."],"abstract":"\n Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This cross-sectional study investigated the association between presbycusis (PC) and cognitive function in older adults and identified factors influencing cognitive performance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 126 participants ( \u2265 60 years) were enrolled, including 58 with PC and 68 controls with normal hearing. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Statistical analyses included\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -tests, chi-square tests, Spearman\u2019s correlation, and binary logistic regression.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n MMSE scores declined significantly with age in both groups (PC:\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.585; control:\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.572, both\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.001). In the PC group, lower MMSE scores correlated with higher pure-tone average (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.563,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.01) and poorer speech recognition (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.365,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.01). Logistic regression identified higher education as an independent protective factor against cognitive impairment (OR = 0.162, 95% CI: 0.031\u20130.842,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.021), whereas greater hearing loss severity (OR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.001\u20131.172,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.046) and longer hearing loss duration (OR = 0.778, 95% CI: 0.646\u20130.937,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.008) were associated with increased odds of cognitive impairment. Age and sex were not significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Greater hearing loss severity, poorer speech recognition, and longer hearing loss duration are associated with lower cognitive function, while higher education is protective. These findings support the close interrelationship between auditory and cognitive health in older adults, suggesting that early audiological assessment and hearing rehabilitation may aid cognitive health, though causality requires longitudinal validation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1820873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:36:37Z","timestamp":1789450597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between presbycusis and cognitive function: contributing factors in older adult"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Duo","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13649","article-title":"Self-reported hearing loss, hearing aids, and cognitive decline in elderly adults: A 25-year study.","volume":"63","author":"Amieva","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.03.006","article-title":"A dynamic auditory-cognitive system supports speech-in-noise perception in older adults.","volume":"300","author":"Anderson","year":"","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4357","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1213555110","article-title":"Reversal of age-related neural timing delays with training.","volume":"110","author":"Anderson","year":"","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.06.005","article-title":"Disease severity and minimal clinically important differences in clinical outcome assessments for Alzheimer\u2019s disease clinical trials.","volume":"5","author":"Andrews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14986","article-title":"Hearing impairment and incident dementia: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.","volume":"65","author":"Davies","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11420","article-title":"Acceptability, benefit and costs of early screening for hearing disability: A study of potential screening tests and models.","volume":"11","author":"Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Technol. Assess."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0119616","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119616","article-title":"Hearing loss and cognition: The role of hearing aids, social isolation and depression.","volume":"10","author":"Dawes","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M39","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/53A.1.M39","article-title":"Random versus volunteer selection for a community-based study.","volume":"53","author":"Ganguli","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2013.07.002","article-title":"Normal cognitive aging.","volume":"29","author":"Harada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.30.174","article-title":"The relationships between cognitive function and hearing loss among the elderly.","volume":"30","author":"Huh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Ther. Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.23.8.5","article-title":"Central presbycusis: a review and evaluation of the evidence.","volume":"23","author":"Humes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Audiol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264315608730","article-title":"Association of hearing impairment with incident frailty and falls in older adults.","volume":"28","author":"Kamil","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Aging Health"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.12.059","article-title":"Association of hearing impairment with brain volume changes in older adults.","volume":"90","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.506","article-title":"Hearing loss prevalence in the United States.","volume":"171","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.1868","article-title":"Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults.","volume":"173","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission.","volume":"396","author":"Livingston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2017.2513","article-title":"Association of age-related hearing loss with cognitive function, cognitive impairment, and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"144","author":"Loughrey","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.07.010","article-title":"Hearing impairment, loneliness, social isolation, and cognitive function: Longitudinal analysis using English Longitudinal Study on Ageing.","volume":"27","author":"Maharani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813518021","article-title":"The association between hearing loss and social isolation in older adults.","volume":"150","author":"Mick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.04.014","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the accuracy of the mini-mental state examination in the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.","volume":"43","author":"Mitchell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12638","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2559-11.2011","article-title":"Hearing loss in older adults affects neural systems supporting speech comprehension.","volume":"31","author":"Peelle","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000312","article-title":"Hearing impairment and cognitive energy: the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL).","volume":"37","author":"Pichora-Fuller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ear Hear."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"172","article-title":"The effect of cognitive function on speech recognition in presbycusis.","volume":"22","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Sci. J. Hear. Speech Rehabil."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2013.00031","article-title":"The Ease of language understanding (ELU) model: Theoretical, empirical, and clinical advances.","volume":"7","author":"R\u00f6nnberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.07.005","article-title":"The effects of age-related hearing loss on the brain and cognitive function.","volume":"43","author":"Slade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813248","article-title":"What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept.","volume":"8","author":"Stern","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70191-6","article-title":"Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"11","author":"Stern","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x","article-title":"The mini-mental state examination: A comprehensive review.","volume":"40","author":"Tombaugh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014802","article-title":"Aging, hearing acuity, and the attentional costs of effortful listening.","volume":"24","author":"Tun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291705006264","article-title":"Brain reserve and dementia: A systematic review.","volume":"36","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.06.002","article-title":"A review of causal mechanisms underlying the link between age-related hearing loss and cognitive decline.","volume":"23","author":"Wayne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31829c5e8a","article-title":"Life-span cognitive activity, neuropathologic burden, and cognitive aging.","volume":"81","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B33","volume-title":"World Report on Hearing.","year":"2021"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12889","article-title":"Association between age-related hearing loss with tinnitus and cognitive performance in older community-dwelling Chinese adults","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1820873\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:36:38Z","timestamp":1789450598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1820873\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1820873"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1820873","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"article-number":"1820873"}}