{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T06:27:57Z","timestamp":1786343277861,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and ischemic microenvironments that critically impact brain microvascular endothelial cells. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) models have been extensively employed in MMD research to recapitulate the ischemic conditions relevant to MMD pathophysiology. This study aims to explore the functional involvement and molecular basis of HGSNAT in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) following OGD-induced injury, to establish a theoretical foundation for elucidating the pathogenesis of vascular endothelial injury associated with MMD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      model of hypoxic-ischemic injury was established by subjecting HBMECs to OGD. After HGSNAT overexpression, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) activator Tunicamycin treatment, and GPX8 silencing, cell viability, angiogenic capacity, and migratory ability were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, tube formation assay, and scratch wound healing assay, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to evaluate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, while intracytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were examined using DCFH-DA staining. Additionally, Western blotting was performed to assess the abundance of factors linked to the ERS cascade.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OGD exposure significantly downregulated HGSNAT mRNA expression and enzymatic activity. HGSNAT overexpression markedly enhanced the viability of OGD-treated HBMECs and improved angiogenic and migratory capacities, while reducing the secretion of interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1). Functional studies uncovered that HGSNAT overexpression reduced ROS accumulation and suppressed activation of the PERK-eIF2\u03b1-ATF4 cascade; these effects were abrogated by Tunicamycin treatment. Furthermore, the study found that GPX8 knockout could weaken the protective effect mediated by HGSNAT, resulting in decreased cell survival, impaired angiogenesis and migratory ability, elevated inflammatory levels, and reactivation of the ERS pathway. This indicates that the efficacy of HGSNAT required for maintaining endothelial homeostasis depends on the function of GPX8.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overexpression of HGSNAT is associated with maintaining or enhancing GPX8 levels under OGD stress, thereby protecting HBMECs from OGD-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and endothelial damage. GPX8 knockdown partially abolished these protective effects, suggesting that GPX8 contributes to HGSNAT-mediated inhibition of the PERK\u2013eIF2\u03b1\u2013ATF4 ER stress pathway, oxidative stress, and inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1839595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T05:30:44Z","timestamp":1786339844000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HGSNAT alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation- induced endothelial injury by suppressing ER stress: implications for Moyamoya disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Zhonghui","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming","place":["Yunnan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, People\u2019s Hospital of Pu\u2019er City, Pu\u2019er","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, People\u2019s Hospital of Pu\u2019er City, Pu\u2019er","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, People\u2019s Hospital of Pu\u2019er City, Pu\u2019er","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-023-01135-7","article-title":"Comprehensive profiling of secreted factors in the cerebrospinal fluid of moyamoya disease patients.","volume":"15","author":"Abhinav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.04.007","article-title":"Suppression of RNF213, a susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease, inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress through SEL1L upregulation.","volume":"609","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.020","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase 8 is transcriptionally regulated by HIF\u03b1 and modulates growth factor signaling in HeLa cells.","volume":"81","author":"Bosello-Travain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2020-0286","article-title":"Emerging roles for non-selenium containing ER-resident glutathione peroxidases in cell signaling and disease.","volume":"402","author":"Buday","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2025.111702","article-title":"Unfolded protein response-activated Nlrp3 inflammasome contributes to pyroptotic and apoptotic podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease via the Chop-Txnip axis.","volume":"130","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-025-00318-y","article-title":"Moyamoya disease: Epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.","volume":"6","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biomed."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661611","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.661611","article-title":"Physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of the molecular and cellular biology of angiogenesis and inflammation in moyamoya angiopathy and related vascular diseases.","volume":"14","author":"Dorschel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10070817","article-title":"A next-generation 3D tissue-engineered model of the human brain microvasculature to study the blood-brain barrier.","volume":"10","author":"Galpayage Dona","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2026.111886","article-title":"Ferulic acid promotes proliferation and angiogenesis of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells in Moyamoya disease via the SIRT1\/HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF-A axis.","volume":"239","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.62","article-title":"The unfolded protein response in immunity and inflammation.","volume":"16","author":"Grootjans","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13062-024-00522-w","article-title":"Proteomics and digital subtraction angiography approaches reveal CDH18 as a potential target for therapy of moyamoya disease.","volume":"19","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol. Direct."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704334","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.704334","article-title":"Mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress in cerebral ischemia.","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24171","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10003-3","article-title":"Machine learning identifies KRT8 dysregulation and endothelial remodeling in Moyamoya disease.","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417329","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2024.1417329","article-title":"Identification of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes in moyamoya disease by combining bulk RNA-sequencing analysis and machine learning.","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-09476-9","article-title":"Organoid modeling and single-cell profiling reveal smooth muscle cell migration in Moyamoya disease.","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2026","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00165-X","article-title":"Moyamoya disease: Diagnosis and interventions.","volume":"21","author":"Ihara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2024.114910","article-title":"ALKBH5 deficiency attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells in an m6A dependent manner.","volume":"380","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2025.104998","article-title":"The hidden hand of endoplasmic reticulum stress in anticancer drug resistance.","volume":"217","author":"Khan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428572","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1428572","article-title":"Exploration of the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction for the treatment of ischemic stroke based on CCL2\/CCR2 axis.","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10614-y","article-title":"Crosstalk between ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and inflammation.","volume":"104","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6188","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03480-y","article-title":"Rnf-213 Knockout Induces Pericyte Reduction and Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment in Mouse.","volume":"60","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0299703","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299703","article-title":"Hope for vascular cognitive impairment: AC-YVAD-cmk as a novel treatment against white matter rarefaction.","volume":"19","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-025-03479-3","article-title":"Circulating T cell atlas in Moyamoya disease: Insights into immunopathogenesis of cerebrovascular disorders.","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflam."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030823","article-title":"Circulating inflammatory cytokine associated with poor prognosis in Moyamoya disease: A prospective cohort study.","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.20.1.84","article-title":"Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats.","volume":"20","author":"Longa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853818","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2026.1853818","article-title":"LPIN3 emerges as a diagnostic biomarker in Moyamoya disease revealing immune-lipid metabolic crosstalk.","volume":"17","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109433","article-title":"Histological characterization of retinal degeneration in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC.","volume":"229","author":"Ludwig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-022-01088-3","article-title":"Endothelial Cell-Derived Let-7c-Induced TLR7 activation on smooth muscle cell mediate vascular wall remodeling in Moyamoya disease.","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.ra.2019-0059","article-title":"Influence of inflammatory disease on the pathophysiology of Moyamoya disease and Quasi-Moyamoya disease.","volume":"59","author":"Mikami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Med. Chir."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22064-8","article-title":"Dysregulation of RNF213 promotes cerebral hypoperfusion.","volume":"8","author":"Morimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10494","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910494","article-title":"Impact of proton irradiation depending on breast cancer subtype in patient-derived cell lines.","volume":"25","author":"Musielak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5615","article-title":"Redox regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry.","volume":"21","author":"Nunes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20211860","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211860","article-title":"Glucosamine amends CNS pathology in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC mouse expressing misfolded HGSNAT.","volume":"219","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1049793","DOI":"10.1080\/21675511.2015.1049793","article-title":"Crosstalk between 2 organelles: Lysosomal storage of heparan sulfate causes mitochondrial defects and neuronal death in mucopolysaccharidosis III type C.","volume":"3","author":"Pshezhetsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rare Dis."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00511-w","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in cardiovascular diseases.","volume":"18","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10264","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46090612","article-title":"Gene expression regulation and the signal transduction of programmed cell death.","volume":"46","author":"Saqirile, Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2022.09.002","article-title":"The roles of HIF-1\u03b1 signaling in cardiovascular diseases.","volume":"81","author":"Sato","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.490151","article-title":"Selective impairment of working memory in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.","volume":"38","author":"Shibata","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X241245557","article-title":"RNF213 variant and autophagic impairment: A pivotal link to endothelial dysfunction in moyamoya disease.","volume":"44","author":"Shin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177553","article-title":"Regulation of blood-brain barrier integrity by brain microvascular endothelial cells in ischemic stroke: A therapeutic opportunity.","volume":"996","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173749","article-title":"Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress: Focus on protein disulfide isomerase and endoplasmic reticulum oxidase 1.","volume":"892","author":"Victor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-89685-8","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the dormancy-arousal process in Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1819).","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101708","article-title":"Nrf2-regulated redox signaling in brain endothelial cells adapted to physiological oxygen levels: Consequences for sulforaphane mediated protection against hypoxia-reoxygenation.","volume":"37","author":"Warpsinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90394-8","article-title":"Permanent occlusion of bilateral internal carotid arteries produces cognitive deficits in two learning behavior tasks.","volume":"16","author":"Watanabe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.149120","article-title":"Effects of hypoxia on survival, apoptosis, and the transcriptome of the Chinese yellow pond turtle (Mauremys mutica).","volume":"936","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3823122","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3823122","article-title":"Circular RNA circPHKA2 Relieves OGD-Induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell injuries through competitively binding miR-574-5p to modulate SOD2.","volume":"2021","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15060847","article-title":"Stress management: How the endoplasmic reticulum mitigates protein misfolding and oxidative stress by the dual role of glutathione peroxidase 8.","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2016.6866","article-title":"Regulation of calcium fluxes by GPX8, a Type-II transmembrane peroxidase enriched at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane.","volume":"27","author":"Yoboue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822094","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.822094","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in pulmonary sarcoidosis.","volume":"9","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-023-00848-6","article-title":"Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors: Therapeutic opportunities and challenges.","volume":"23","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"B51","first-page":"1339","article-title":"Unfolded protein response in endoplasmic reticulum stress associated with retinal degenerative diseases: A promising therapeutic target.","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neural Regenerat. Res."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2025.10.003","article-title":"STC1 downregulation promotes ferroptosis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells: Implications for moyamoya disease pathogenesis.","volume":"589","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2016.00079","article-title":"Cerebral microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis after ischemia: Role of enolase-phosphatase 1 activation and aci-reductone dioxygenase 1 translocation.","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1839595\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T05:30:45Z","timestamp":1786339845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1839595\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1839595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1839595","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"article-number":"1839595"}}