{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T06:15:46Z","timestamp":1783664146078,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG085428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG085428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, have long been associated with developmental programming, as well as aging and disease states. However, our understanding of cell-specific epigenomic landscapes remains limited, especially in the context of brain aging and neurodegeneration. In cases of late-onset brain disorders, such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and frontotemporal dementia, unraveling cell-specific epigenomic contributions is particularly necessary to better understand the molecular contributors to early disease states, which may help enhance diagnostic and therapeutic measures. While whole brain tissue and neuronal cell-type-specific methylomic contributions have been extensively studied, those of glia, including astrocytes, remain poorly elucidated. Given the key role of DNA methylation in guiding neurodevelopmental timing and gliogenic onset, it is likely that these modifications alter astrocyte functionality with age and disease. Here, we briefly review astrocyte development in the context of DNA methylation and highlight key instances where methylomic changes contribute to astrocyte maturation and functionality. We also point to evidence showing extensive transcriptomic and functional changes associated with aged and diseased astrocytes and explore the relevance of DNA methylation in these conditions. Ultimately, elucidating molecular drivers of disease states in astrocytes will allow for a better understanding of cell-specific contributions and pave the way for future research directed at cell-specific therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2026.1876219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T05:38:04Z","timestamp":1783661884000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Astrocyte epigenetics in development, aging, and neurodegeneration: a DNA methylation perspective"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Uchit","family":"Bhaskar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Brain Health Consortium, The University of Texas at San Antonio","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Carless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Brain Health Consortium, The University of Texas at San Antonio","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147291","article-title":"Contribution of astrocytes to neuropathology of neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"1758","author":"Acioglu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1000 Faculty Rev-233","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22405.1","article-title":"Astrocytogenesis: Where, when, and how.","volume":"9","author":"Akdemir","year":"2020","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/457675a","article-title":"Glia \u2014 more than just brain glue.","volume":"457","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.010","article-title":"Molecular and spatial signatures of mouse brain aging at single-cell resolution.","volume":"186","author":"Allen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-023-00594-x","article-title":"Epigenome-wide association study of peripheral immune cell populations in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"9","author":"Andersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608026","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.608026","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes: A role in Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"8","author":"Bantle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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