{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:07:21Z","timestamp":1753891641774,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 AG052780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AG052780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Synaptic Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pontine nuclei comprising the locus coeruleus (LC) and Barrington\u2019s nucleus (BRN) amongst others form the neural circuitry(s) that coordinates arousal and voiding behaviors. However, little is known about the synaptic connectivity of neurons within or across these nuclei. These include corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) expressing neurons in the BRN that control bladder contraction and somatostatin expressing (SST<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) neurons whose role in this region has not been discerned. To determine the synaptic connectivity of these neurons, we employed optogenetic stimulation with recordings from BRN and LC neurons in brain stem slices of channelrhodopsin-2 expressing SST or CRF neurons. Optogenetic stimulation of CRF<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> BRN neurons of <jats:italic>Crf<jats:sup><jats:italic>Cre<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>;chr2-yfp<\/jats:italic> mice had little effect on either CRF<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> BRN neurons, CRF<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> BRN neurons, or LC neurons. In contrast, in <jats:italic>Sst<jats:sup><jats:italic>Cre<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>;chr2-yfp<\/jats:italic> mice light-activated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were reliably observed in a majority of LC but not BRN neurons. The GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonist, bicuculline, completely abolished the light-induced IPSCs. To ascertain if these neurons were part of the neural circuitry that controls the bladder, the <jats:italic>trans-<\/jats:italic>synaptic tracer, pseudorabies virus (PRV) was injected into the bladder wall of <jats:italic>Crf<jats:sup><jats:italic>Cre<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>;tdTomato<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Sst<jats:sup><jats:italic>Cre<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>;tdTomato<\/jats:italic> mice. At 68\u201372 h post-viral infection, PRV labeled neurons were present only in the BRN, being preponderant in CRF<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neurons with few SST<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> BRN neurons labeled from the bladder. At 76 and 96 h post-virus injection, increased labeling was observed in both BRN and LC neurons. Our results suggest SST<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neurons rather than CRF<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neurons in BRN can regulate the activity of LC neurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2021.754786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T07:55:20Z","timestamp":1633679720000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Somatostatin Neurons in the Mouse Pontine Nucleus Activate GABAA Receptor Mediated Synaptic Currents in Locus Coeruleus Neurons"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Selena","family":"Garcia DuBar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Cosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Korthas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Van Batavia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Zderic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niaz","family":"Sahibzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita J.","family":"Valentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vicini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(83)90461-2","article-title":"Morphine tolerance and dependence in the locus coeruleus: single cell studies in brain slices.","volume":"91","author":"Andrade","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur. 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