{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T18:26:31Z","timestamp":1792952791813,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Syst. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]],"date-time":"2014-11-25T14:58:58Z","timestamp":1416927538000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Hierarchical processing in the prefrontal cortex in a variety of cognitive domains"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hyeon-Ae","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.9.1.357","article-title":"Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex","volume":"9","author":"Alexander","year":"1986","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.02.004","article-title":"Cognitive control, hierarchy and the rostro-caudal organization of the frontal lobes","volume":"12","author":"Badre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.12.2082","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for a hierarchical organization of the prefrontal cortex","volume":"19","author":"Badre","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.04.249","article-title":"Hierarchical artificial grammar processing engages Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area","volume":"42","author":"Bahlmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.08.017","article-title":"Neural circuits of hierarchical visuo-spatial sequence processing","volume":"1298","author":"Bahlmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroling.2014.07.001","article-title":"The functional neuroanatomy of serial order in language","volume":"32","author":"Boeckx","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurolinguistics"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142946","article-title":"Functional MRI of language: new approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing","volume":"25","author":"Bookheimer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.02.009","article-title":"Hierarchical models of behavior and prefrontal function","volume":"12","author":"Botvinick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/14640747708400596","article-title":"Levels, hierarchies and the locus of control","volume":"29","author":"Broadbent","year":"1977","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2006.06.005","article-title":"Task-dependent and task-independent neurovascular responses to syntactic processing","volume":"44","author":"Caplan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/s0028-3932(01)00035-5","article-title":"Spared numerical abilities in a case of semantic dementia","volume":"39","author":"Cappelletti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B11","volume-title":"Language and Problems of Knowledge: The Managua Lectures.","author":"Chomsky","year":"1988"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110884166","volume-title":"Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures.","author":"Chomsky","year":"1993"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110218329","volume-title":"Syntactic Structures.","author":"Chomsky","year":"2002"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1097\/wnr.0b013e3283329be8","article-title":"Role of Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area in encoding sequential human actions: a virtual lesion study","volume":"20","author":"Clerget","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.12067","article-title":"The goal circuit model: a hierarchical multi-route model of the acquisition and control of routine sequential action in humans","volume":"38","author":"Cooper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-9452(08)70002-9","article-title":"Cerebral pathways for calculation: double dissociation between rote verbal and quantitative knowledge of arithmetic","volume":"33","author":"Dehaene","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.09.004","article-title":"Elicitation of specific syntactic structures in primary progressive aphasia","volume":"123","author":"Deleon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp118","article-title":"Encoding of human action in Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area","volume":"132","author":"Fazio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2005.02.005","article-title":"The evolution of the language faculty: clarifications and implications","volume":"97","author":"Fitch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12406","article-title":"Hierarchical processing in music, language and action: lashley revisited","volume":"1316","author":"Fitch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N Y Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B21","first-page":"427","article-title":"Parsing strategies and constraints on transformations","volume":"9","author":"Fodor","year":"1978","journal-title":"Linguist. Inq."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/s1364-6613(00)01839-8","article-title":"Towards a neural basis of auditory sentence processing","volume":"6","author":"Friederici","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00006.2011","article-title":"The brain basis of language processing: from structure to function","volume":"91","author":"Friederici","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5964\/bioling.8833","article-title":"The neural basis of recursion and complex syntactic hierarchy","volume":"5","author":"Friederici","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biolinguistics"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0509389103","article-title":"The brain differentiates human and non-human grammars: functional localization and structural connectivity","volume":"103","author":"Friederici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.038","article-title":"Mapping sentence form onto meaning: the syntax-semantic interface","volume":"1146","author":"Friederici","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B27","first-page":"157","article-title":"A theory of prefrontal functions: the prefrontal cortex and the temporal organization of behavior","volume-title":"The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe.","author":"Fuster","year":"1989","edition":"2nd Edn."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(01)00285-9","article-title":"The prefrontal cortex\u00e2\u20ac\u201can update: time is of the essence","volume":"30","author":"Fuster","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2007.05.009","article-title":"Evidence for a distributed hierarchy of action representation in the brain","volume":"26","author":"Grafton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.09.004","article-title":"The cognitive functions of the caudate nucleus","volume":"86","author":"Grahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/s0140525x00002399","article-title":"The neurology of syntax: language use without Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area","volume":"23","author":"Grodzinsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.03.007","article-title":"Neuroimaging of syntax and syntactic processing","volume":"16","author":"Grodzinsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0b013e3181ed9c7d","article-title":"Why are patients with progressive nonfluent aphasia nonfluent?","volume":"75","author":"Gunawardena","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.07.004","article-title":"On Broca, brain and binding: a new framework","volume":"9","author":"Hagoort","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1126\/science.298.5598.1569","article-title":"The faculty of language: what is it, who has it and how did it evolve?","volume":"298","author":"Hauser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9202","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0228-14.2014","article-title":"Functional network mirrored in the prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus and thalamus: high-resolution functional imaging and structural connectivity","volume":"34","author":"Jeon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3041","article-title":"Two principles of organization in the prefrontal cortex are cognitive hierarchy and degree of automaticity","volume":"4","author":"Jeon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/20178","article-title":"The role of the anterior prefrontal cortex in human cognition","volume":"399","author":"Koechlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.05.017","article-title":"Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area and the hierarchical organization of human behavior","volume":"50","author":"Koechlin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088545","article-title":"The architecture of cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex","volume":"302","author":"Koechlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.04.005","article-title":"An information theoretical approach to prefrontal executive function","volume":"11","author":"Koechlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B42","first-page":"487","article-title":"The cognitive architecture of the human lateral prefrontal cortex","volume-title":"Sensorimotor Foundations of Higher Cognition: Attention and Performance","author":"Koechlin","year":"2008"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00110","article-title":"Toward a neural basis of music perception - a review and updated model","volume":"2","author":"Koelsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9548.003.0011","article-title":"Neural correlates of music perception","volume-title":"Language, Music and the Brain: A Mysterious Relationship","author":"Koelsch","year":"2013"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.050","article-title":"Adults and children processing music: an fMRI study","volume":"25","author":"Koelsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1154","article-title":"Bach speaks: a cortical \u00e2\u20ac\u0153language-network\u00e2\u20ac\u009d serves the processing of music","volume":"17","author":"Koelsch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.10.001","article-title":"Towards a neural basis of music perception","volume":"9","author":"Koelsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15443","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300272110","article-title":"Processing of hierarchical syntactic structure in music","volume":"110","author":"Koelsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"B49","first-page":"112","article-title":"The problem of serial order in behavior","volume-title":"Cerebral Mechanisms in Behavior","author":"Lashley","year":"1951"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.3.304","article-title":"Primary dyscalculia after a medial frontal lesion of the left hemisphere","volume":"56","author":"Lucchelli","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/87502","article-title":"Musical syntax is processed in Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area: an MEG study","volume":"4","author":"Maess","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8362","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0810928106","article-title":"Segregating the core computational faculty of human language from working memory","volume":"106","author":"Makuuchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0095","article-title":"An approach to separating the levels of hierarchical structure building in language and mathematics","volume":"367","author":"Makuuchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.04.020","article-title":"The cortical representation of simple mathematical expressions","volume":"61","author":"Maruyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10039-000","volume-title":"Plans and the Structure of Behavior.","author":"Miller","year":"1960"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/s0019-9958(64)90310-9","article-title":"Free recall of self-embedded English sentences","volume":"7","author":"Miller","year":"1964","journal-title":"Inf. Control"},{"key":"B57","volume-title":"Dynamic Antisymmetry.","author":"Moro","year":"2000"},{"key":"B58","volume-title":"Unified Theories of Cognition.","author":"Newell","year":"1994"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2010.02.001","article-title":"The effect of semantic relatedness on syntactic analysis: an fMRI study","volume":"113","author":"Newman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1082","article-title":"Language, music, syntax and the brain","volume":"6","author":"Patel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B61","first-page":"239","article-title":"Syntax","volume-title":"Music, Language and the Brain","author":"Patel","year":"2010"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1162\/089892998563121","article-title":"Processing syntactic relations in language and music: an event-related potential study","volume":"10","author":"Patel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3344","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.5544-10.2011","article-title":"Anatomy of language impairments in primary progressive aphasia","volume":"31","author":"Rogalski","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21530","article-title":"The role of Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area in sentence comprehension","volume":"23","author":"Rogalsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/17459737.2011.573676","article-title":"Towards a generative syntax of tonal harmony","volume":"5","author":"Rohrmeier","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Math. Music"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2012.06.007","article-title":"Syntax in a pianist\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s hand: ERP signatures of \u00e2\u20ac\u0153embodied\u00e2\u20ac\u009d syntax processing in music","volume":"49","author":"Sammler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.034","article-title":"fMRI adaptation dissociates syntactic complexity dimensions","volume":"51","author":"Santi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511888830","volume-title":"Introducing Second Language Acquisition.","author":"Saville-Troike","year":"2012"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1996.0024","article-title":"Localization of syntactic comprehension by positron emission tomography","volume":"52","author":"Stromswold","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2008.11.014","article-title":"Syntax without language: neurobiological evidence for cross-domain syntactic computations","volume":"45","author":"Tettamanti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9548.003.0018","article-title":"Multiple levels of structure in language and music","volume-title":"Language, Music, and the Brain: A Mysterious Relationship","author":"Thompson-Schill","year":"2013"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/s0926-6410(02)00245-8","article-title":"Activation of the inferior frontal cortex in musical priming","volume":"16","author":"Tillmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407470102","article-title":"Agrammatic but numerate","volume":"102","author":"Varley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00937","article-title":"Broca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s area processes the hierarchical organization of observed action","volume":"7","author":"Wakita","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"B75","first-page":"11","article-title":"Skill and age, an experimental approach","volume-title":"On the Nature of Skill","author":"Welford","year":"1951"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16845","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2547-10.2010","article-title":"Neural correlates of syntactic processing in the nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia","volume":"30","author":"Wilson","year":"2010a","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.04.005","article-title":"The neural basis of syntactic deficits in primary progressive aphasia","volume":"122","author":"Wilson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq129","article-title":"Connected speech production in three variants of primary progressive aphasia","volume":"133","author":"Wilson","year":"2010b","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T14:10:45Z","timestamp":1689689445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00223\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]]},"references-count":79,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00223","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5137"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5137","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]]}}}