{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:31:37Z","timestamp":1791232297958,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37NS21135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37NS21135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Syst. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T04:18:12Z","timestamp":1506399492000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Encoding and Decoding Models in Cognitive Electrophysiology"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Holdgraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochem W.","family":"Rieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Micheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic E.","family":"Theunissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00336731","article-title":"The spectro-temporal receptive field","volume":"42","author":"Aertsen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biol Cybern."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/09548980701813936","article-title":"Inferring input nonlinearities in neural encoding models","volume":"19","author":"Ahrens","year":"2008","journal-title":"Network"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16529","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1306-11.2011","article-title":"Selectivity for spectral motion as a neural computation for encoding natural communication signals in bat inferior colliculus","volume":"31","author":"Andoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1995.7.6.1129","article-title":"An information-maximization approach to blind separation and blind deconvolution","volume":"7","author":"Bell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(09)71202-9","article-title":"Neural correlates of interspecies perspective taking in the post-mortem Atlantic Salmon: an argument for multiple comparisons correction","volume":"47","author":"Bennett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4964","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4650328","article-title":"Localization and classification of phonemes using high spatial resolution electrocorticography (ECoG) grids","volume":"2008","author":"Blakely","year":"2008","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6782","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2014.6945185","article-title":"Neural decoding of spoken vowels from human sensory-motor cortex with high-density electrocorticography","volume":"2014","author":"Bouchard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. IEEE Engi. Med. Biol. Soc."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.02.059","article-title":"Wiener-Granger Causality: a well established methodology","volume":"58","author":"Bressler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2010.01.001","article-title":"Brain-Computer Interfaces for Speech Communication","volume":"52","author":"Brumberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Speech Commun."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00065","article-title":"Classification of intended phoneme production from chronic intracortical microelectrode recordings in speech-motor cortex","volume":"5","author":"Brumberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B11","unstructured":"CampbellD. T. StanleyJ. C. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Ravenio Books2015"},{"key":"B12","article-title":"Predicting mel-frequency cepstral coefficients from electrocorticographic signals during continuous speech production","volume-title":"6th International IEEE\/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2013"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21466","article-title":"Cortical spatio-temporal dynamics underlying phonological target detection in humans","volume":"23","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2641","article-title":"Categorical speech representation in human superior temporal gyrus","volume":"13","author":"Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1945807","article-title":"Multiresolution spectrotemporal analysis of complex sounds","volume":"118","author":"Chi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Acous. Soc. Am."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1775-07.2007","article-title":"The consequences of response nonlinearities for interpretation of spectrotemporal receptive fields","volume":"28","author":"Christianson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00604","article-title":"The multivariate temporal response function (mTRF) toolbox: a MATLAB toolbox for relating neural signals to continuous stimuli","volume":"10","author":"Crosse","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3381","article-title":"Attention during natural vision warps semantic representation across the human brain","volume":"16","author":"\u00c7ukur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.279.1.R1","article-title":"Multiple comparisons: philosophies and illustrations","volume":"279","author":"Curran-Everett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6991","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1422-04.2004","article-title":"Natural stimulus statistics alter the receptive field structure of V1 neurons","volume":"24","author":"David","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/09548980500464030","article-title":"Predicting neuronal responses during natural vision","volume":"16","author":"David","year":"2005","journal-title":"Netw. Comput. Neural Syst."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19154","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2270-13.2013","article-title":"Integration over multiple timescales in primary auditory cortex","volume":"33","author":"David","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3267-16.2017","article-title":"The hierarchical cortical organization of human speech processing","author":"de Heer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6294","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6091553","article-title":"Decoding semantic information from human electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals","volume":"2011","author":"Degenhart","year":"2011","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1220","article-title":"Spectro-temporal response field characterization with dynamic ripples in ferret primary auditory cortex","volume":"85","author":"Depireux","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E505","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113427109","article-title":"Phoneme and word recognition in the auditory ventral stream","volume":"109","author":"DeWitt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.08.030","article-title":"Low-frequency cortical entrainment to speech reflects phoneme-level processing","volume":"25","author":"Di Liberto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(69)90065-1","article-title":"On the speed of mental processes","volume":"30","author":"Donders","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(93)90139-R","article-title":"Wiener and Volterra analyses applied to the auditory system","volume":"66","author":"Eggermont","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(01)00259-3","article-title":"Between sound and perception: reviewing the search for a neural code","volume":"157","author":"Eggermont","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033583500005126","article-title":"Reverse-correlation methods in auditory research","volume":"16","author":"Eggermont","year":"1983","journal-title":"Q. Rev. Biophys."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-015-0933-6","article-title":"The vocal repertoire of the domesticated zebra finch: a data-driven approach to decipher the information-bearing acoustic features of communication signals","volume":"19","author":"Elie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Cogn."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000302","article-title":"The modulation transfer function for speech intelligibility","volume":"5","author":"Elliott","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4114","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-10-04114.2002","article-title":"Nonlinear spectrotemporal sound analysis by neurons in the auditory midbrain","volume":"22","author":"Escab\u00ed","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/1.1.1","article-title":"Distributed hierachical processing in the primate cerebral cortex","volume":"1","author":"Felleman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1608","article-title":"A natural approach to studying vision","volume":"8","author":"Felsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001111","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1001111","article-title":"Minimal models of multidimensional computations","volume":"7","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B38","first-page":"605","article-title":"Introduction: experimental design and statistical parametric mapping","volume-title":"SPM Introduction","author":"Friston","year":"2003"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7623","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1318-05.2005","article-title":"Differential dynamic plasticity of A1 receptive fields during multiple spectral tasks","volume":"25","author":"Fritz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1141","article-title":"Rapid task-related plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in primary auditory cortex","volume":"6","author":"Fritz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2016-1327","article-title":"Neural responses to speech-specific modulations derived from a spectro-temporal filter bank","author":"Frye","year":"2016","journal-title":"In Proc. Interspeech."},{"key":"B42","volume-title":"Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics","author":"Green","year":"1988"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003724","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003724","article-title":"Unsupervised feature learning improves prediction of human brain activity in response to natural Images","volume":"10","author":"G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-008-9041-y","article-title":"PyMVPA: a python toolbox for multivariate pattern analysis of fMRI data","volume":"7","author":"Hanke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-84858-7","volume-title":"The Elements of Statistical Learning","author":"Hastie","year":"2009"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.067","article-title":"On the interpretation of weight vectors of linear models in multivariate neuroimaging","volume":"87","author":"Haufe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"450","article-title":"Binary sparse coding","volume-title":"International Conference on Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation, LVA\/ICA 2010.","author":"Henniges","year":"2010"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1109\/89.326616","article-title":"RASTA processing of speech","volume":"2","author":"Hermansky","year":"1994","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process."},{"key":"B49","volume-title":"Neurobiology of Language","author":"Hickok","year":"2015"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11076","article-title":"Reach and grasp by people with tetraplegia using a neurally controlled robotic arm","volume":"485","author":"Hochberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13654","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13654","article-title":"Rapid tuning shifts in human auditory cortex enhance speech intelligibility","volume":"7","author":"Holdgraf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25304","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025304","article-title":"Predicting decisions in human social interactions using real-time fMRI and pattern classification","volume":"6","author":"Hollmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X_15_2_002","article-title":"Quantifying variability in neural responses and its application for the validation of model predictions","volume":"15","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Netw. Comput. Neural Syst."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1779-15.2016","article-title":"Human superior temporal gyrus organization of spectrotemporal modulation tuning derived from speech stimuli","volume":"36","author":"Hullett","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17637","article-title":"Natural speech reveals the semantic maps that tile human cerebral cortex","volume":"532","author":"Huth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.014","article-title":"A continuous semantic space describes the representation of thousands of object and action categories across the human brain","volume":"76","author":"Huth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0309-245","article-title":"I can see what you see","volume":"12","author":"Kay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06713","article-title":"Identifying natural images from human brain activity","volume":"452","author":"Kay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56007","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/7\/5\/056007","article-title":"Decoding spoken words using local field potentials recorded from the cortical surface","volume":"7","author":"Kellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2383-16.2017","article-title":"Dynamic encoding of acoustic features in neural responses to continuous speech","volume":"37","author":"Khalighinejad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.cp010315","article-title":"Peripheral neural processing of auditory information","author":"Kiang","year":"1984","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53398","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053398","article-title":"The tracking of speech envelope in the human cortex","volume":"8","author":"Kubanek","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7203","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4100-14.2015","article-title":"Dynamic encoding of speech sequence probability in human temporal cortex","volume":"35","author":"Leonard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2016.00053","article-title":"No evidence for automatic remapping of stimulus features or location found with fMRI","volume":"10","author":"Lescroart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2015.00135","article-title":"Fourier power, subjective distance, and object categories all provide plausible models of BOLD responses in scene-selective visual areas","volume":"9","author":"Lescroart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/nn831","article-title":"Efficient coding of natural sounds","volume":"5","author":"Lewicki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00097","article-title":"Electrocorticographic representations of segmental features in continuous speech","volume":"9","author":"Lotte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024","article-title":"Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data","volume":"164","author":"Maris","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-3970-0","volume-title":"Analysis of Physiological Systems","author":"Marmarelis","year":"1978"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fneng.2014.00014","article-title":"Decoding spectrotemporal features of overt and covert speech from the human cortex","volume":"7","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neuroeng."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25803","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25803","article-title":"Word pair classification during imagined speech using direct brain recordings","volume":"6","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003143","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003143","article-title":"Inferring nonlinear neuronal computation based on physiologically plausible inputs","volume":"9","author":"McFarland","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11020","article-title":"Selective cortical representation of attended speaker in multi-talker speech perception","volume":"485","author":"Mesgarani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1245994","article-title":"Phonetic feature encoding in human superior temporal gyrus","volume":"343","author":"Mesgarani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.91128.2008","article-title":"Influence of context and behavior on stimulus reconstruction from neural activity in primary auditory cortex","volume":"102","author":"Mesgarani","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1109\/TSA.2005.858055","article-title":"Discrimination of speech from nonspeech based on multiscale spectro-temporal modulations","volume":"14","author":"Mesgarani","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2014.00165","article-title":"Temporal variability of spectro-temporal receptive fields in the anesthetized auditory cortex","volume":"8","author":"Meyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2016.00109","article-title":"Models of neuronal stimulus-response functions: elaboration, estimation, and evaluation","volume":"10","author":"Meyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00395.2001","article-title":"Spectrotemporal receptive fields in the lemniscal auditory thalamus and cortex","volume":"87","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11888","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5306-12.2013","article-title":"Processing of natural sounds: characterization of multipeak spectral tuning in human auditory cortex","volume":"33","author":"Moerel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3807","article-title":"Information-limiting correlations","volume":"17","author":"Moreno-Bote","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35015","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/11\/3\/035015","article-title":"Direct classification of all American English phonemes using signals from functional speech motor cortex","volume":"11","author":"Mugler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.073","article-title":"Encoding and decoding in fMRI","volume":"56","author":"Naselaris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.09.006","article-title":"Bayesian reconstruction of natural images from human brain activity","volume":"63","author":"Naselaris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.08.031","article-title":"Reconstructing visual experiences from brain activity evoked by natural movies","volume":"21","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.07.005","article-title":"Beyond mind-reading: multi-voxel pattern analysis of fMRI data","volume":"10","author":"Norman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00169-7","article-title":"Sparse coding with an incomplete basis set: a strategy employed by V1","volume":"37","author":"Olshausen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vision. Res."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.07.007","article-title":"Sparse coding of sensory inputs","volume":"14","author":"Olshausen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X_14_3_304","article-title":"Convergence properties of three spike-triggered analysis techniques","volume":"14","author":"Paninski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Netw. Comput. Neural Syst."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X_15_4_002","article-title":"Maximum likelihood estimation of cascade point-process neural encoding models","volume":"15","author":"Paninski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Netw. Comput. Neural Syst."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001251","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001251","article-title":"Reconstructing speech from human auditory cortex","volume":"10","author":"Pasley","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63327-9.00018-7","article-title":"Decoding speech for understanding and treating aphasia","volume":"207","author":"Pasley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"B93","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: machine learning in python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46028","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/4\/046028","article-title":"Decoding vowels and consonants in spoken and imagined words using electrocorticographic signals in humans","volume":"8","author":"Pei","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00058","article-title":"Model-based decoding, information estimation, and change-point detection techniques for multineuron spike trains","volume":"23","author":"Pillow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14125","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3244-12.2012","article-title":"Towards a new neurobiology of language","volume":"32","author":"Poeppel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/9.5.497","article-title":"Nouns and verbs in the intact brain: evidence from event-related potentials and high-frequency cortical responses","volume":"9","author":"Pulverm\u00fcller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00851.2002","article-title":"Gabor analysis of auditory midbrain receptive fields: spectro-temporal and binaural composition","volume":"90","author":"Qiu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.053","article-title":"Single trial discrimination of individual finger movements on one hand: a combined MEG and EEG study","volume":"59","author":"Quandt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000610","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000610","article-title":"Different origins of gamma rhythm and high-gamma activity in macaque visual cortex","volume":"9","author":"Ray","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00116","article-title":"Online tracking of the contents of conscious perception using real-time fMRI","volume":"8","author":"Reichert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.06.014","article-title":"Predicting the recognition of natural scenes from single trial MEG recordings of brain activity","volume":"42","author":"Rieger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B103","first-page":"109","article-title":"How linear are auditory cortical responses?","volume":"15","author":"Sahani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Information Process. Syst."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003412","article-title":"Encoding of natural sounds at multiple spectral and temporal resolutions in the human auditory cortex","volume":"10","author":"Santoro","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1167\/6.4.13","article-title":"Spike-triggered neural characterization","volume":"6","author":"Schwartz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.86.3.1445","article-title":"Feature analysis of natural sounds in the songbird auditory forebrain","volume":"86","author":"Sen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-7320-6_437-1","article-title":"Spectro-temporal receptive fields","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience","author":"Shamma","year":"2013"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2016.00026","article-title":"How invariant feature selectivity is achieved in cortex","volume":"8","author":"Sharpee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Synaptic Neurosci."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2011.05.027","article-title":"Hierarchical representations in the auditory cortex","volume":"21","author":"Sharpee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1162\/089976604322742010","article-title":"Analyzing neural responses to natural signals: maximally informative dimensions","volume":"16","author":"Sharpee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0124088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124088","article-title":"Nonlinear spike-And-Slab sparse coding for interpretable image encoding","volume":"10","author":"Shelton","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13090","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1671-15.2015","article-title":"Rapid task-related plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in the auditory midbrain","volume":"35","author":"Slee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3731","article-title":"Neural processing of natural sounds","volume":"15","author":"Theunissen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1080\/net.12.3.289.316","article-title":"Estimating spatio-temporal receptive fields of auditory and visual neurons from their responses to natural stimuli","volume":"12","author":"Theunissen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Network"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-06-02315.2000","article-title":"Spectral-temporal receptive fields of nonlinear auditory neurons obtained using natural sounds","volume":"20","author":"Theunissen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.06.062","article-title":"Inverse retinotopy: inferring the visual content of images from brain activation patterns","volume":"33","author":"Thirion","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004628","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004628","article-title":"The essential complexity of auditory receptive fields","volume":"11","author":"Thorson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.029","article-title":"Spatial structure of complex cell receptive fields measured with natural images","volume":"45","author":"Touryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016","article-title":"Assessing and tuning brain decoders: cross-validation, caveats, and guidelines","volume":"145","author":"Varoquaux","year":"2016"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.01.036","article-title":"Causal interpretation rules for encoding and decoding models in neuroimaging","volume":"110","author":"Weichwald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X_14_3_309","article-title":"Methods for first-order kernel estimation: simple-cell receptive fields from responses to natural scenes","volume":"14","author":"Willmore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Network"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2042-08.2009","article-title":"Functional groups in the avian auditory system","volume":"29","author":"Woolley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113024","article-title":"Complete functional characterization of sensory neurons by system identification","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2016.02.001","article-title":"Eight open questions in the computational modeling of higher sensory cortex","volume":"37","author":"Yamins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4396","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2799-13.2014","article-title":"Rapid spectrotemporal plasticity in primary auditory cortex during behavior","volume":"34","author":"Yin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3292","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6346668","article-title":"Spoken sentences decoding based on intracranial high gamma response using dynamic time warping","volume-title":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","author":"Zhang","year":"2012"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.12.037","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying selective neuronal tracking of attended speech at a \u201ccocktail party.\u201d","volume":"77","author":"Zion Golumbic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B128","first-page":"351","article-title":"Speech database development at MIT: TIMIT and beyond","volume-title":"Speech Commun.","author":"Zue","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00061\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T08:08:17Z","timestamp":1659514097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00061\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"references-count":128,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00061"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00061","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5137"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5137","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"article-number":"61"}}