{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:44:08Z","timestamp":1761864248239,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007608","name":"AgResearch","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Sheep milk (SM) is a possible alternate dairy source for those who experience digestive symptoms with cow milk (CM). While both the milks contain lactose, one of the causes for self-reported intolerance to CM, the composition of SM and CM also differs across proteins and fats, which have been shown to impact digestive processes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To compare the acute digestive comfort and lactose malabsorption of SM to CM in female dairy avoiders.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold> In a double-blinded, randomized cross over trial, 30 dairy-avoiding females (aged 20\u201330 years) drank 650 mL of SM or CM (each reconstituted from spray dried powder) following an overnight fast, on two separate occasions at least 1 week apart. Blood samples were collected for glucose and insulin assessment, and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the lactase (<jats:italic>LCT<\/jats:italic>) gene (C\/T<jats:sub>13910<\/jats:sub> and G\/A<jats:sub>22018<\/jats:sub>). Breath H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and visual analog scale (VAS) digestive symptom scores were recorded at fasting and regular intervals over 4 h after ingestion.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Eighty percentage of study participants were lactase non-persistent (LNP; CC<jats:sub>13910<\/jats:sub> and GG<jats:sub>22018<\/jats:sub> genotype). Digestive symptoms, including abdominal cramps, distension, rumbling, bloating, belching, diarrhea, flatulence, vomiting, and nausea, were similar in response to SM and CM ingestion (milk \u00d7 time, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05). Breath H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was greater after CM than SM (72 \u00b1 10 vs. 43 \u00b1 6 ppm at 240 min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001), which may be due to greater lactose content in CM (33 vs. 25 g). Accordingly, when corrected for the lactose content breath H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> did not differ between the two milks. The response remained similar when analyzed in the LNP subset alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Despite a higher energy and nutrient content, SM did not increase adverse digestive symptoms after ingestion, relative to CM, although there was a reduced breath H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> response, which could be attributed to the lower lactose content in SM. The tolerability of SM should be explored in populations without lactose intolerance for whom underlying trigger for intolerance is unknown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.603816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T06:50:06Z","timestamp":1613371806000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparing Response of Sheep and Cow Milk on Acute Digestive Comfort and Lactose Malabsorption: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Female Dairy Avoiders"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Aahana","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Samuelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaja","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cameron-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amber M.","family":"Milan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-015-0062-x","article-title":"Effects of dairy products consumption on health: benefits and beliefs\u2013a commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for clinical and economic aspects of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal diseases","volume":"98","author":"Rozenberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.26736O","article-title":"Should dairy be recommended as part of a healthy vegetarian diet? 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