{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:23:15Z","timestamp":1787026995980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81901081, 81870822, 91332201, 82171408, 8217051360, 8150050116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901081, 81870822, 91332201, 82171408, 8217051360, 8150050116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018537","name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2018SHZDZX01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2018SHZDZX01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20ZR1411300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20ZR1411300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malnutrition, metabolism stress, inflammation, peripheral organs dysfunction, and B vitamins deficiency significantly contribute to the progression and mortality of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear which blood biochemical indicators are most closely related to cognitive decline and B vitamins deficiency (thiamine, folate, vitamin B12) in patients with AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a cross-sectional study of 206 AD patients recruited from six hospitals in China. Thiamine diphosphate (TDP), the bioactive form of thiamine, was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography fluoroscopy (HPLC) at a single center. Levels of biochemical indicators (except TDP) were measured by regular and standard laboratory tests in each hospital. Pearson's rank correlation analysis was used to assess relationships between B vitamins and biochemical indicators.\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test was used to compare the difference between ApoE \u03b54 and non-ApoE \u03b54 groups. Differences were considered statistically significant as\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the biochemical results, in AD population, malnutrition indicators (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, serum albumin, and total protein) were most significantly associated with cognitive function, as was free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels which had been observed in previous study. Malnutrition and FT3 levels depend on age but not apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype. Meanwhile, Among the B vitamins, TDP was the most significantly associated with malnutrition indicators and FT3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results indicated that TDP reduction could be a modifiable risk factor for malnutrition and FT3 that contributed to cognitive decline in AD patients. Correcting thiamine metabolism could serve as an optional therapy target for AD treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.823573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T05:56:30Z","timestamp":1645422990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association Between Blood Biochemical Factors Contributing to Cognitive Decline and B Vitamins in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoming","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangqi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunjiu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12328","volume":"17","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.09.001","article-title":"Alzheimer disease: an update on pathobiology and treatment strategies","volume":"179","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01789-0","article-title":"Effects of kidney function, serum albumin and hemoglobin on dementia severity in the oldest old people with newly diagnosed Alzheimer's disease in a residential aged care facility: a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bmc Geriatr."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104844","article-title":"Altered thyroid hormone profile in patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"121","author":"Quinlan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrino."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e197978","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.7978","article-title":"Association of altered liver enzymes with Alzheimer disease diagnosis, cognition, neuroimaging measures, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers","volume":"2","author":"Nho","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.09.002","article-title":"Low serum concentration of free triiodothyronine (FT3) is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"99","author":"Quinlan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrino."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2019.1681088","article-title":"Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. 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