{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:50:07Z","timestamp":1791323407438,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proteomics and intestinal flora were used to determine the mechanism of immune modulatory effects of <jats:italic>Flammulina velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharide on immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that compared with the model group, <jats:italic>F. velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharide could increase thymus and spleen indices and improve thymus tissue structure in mice; IL-2 and IL-4 contents were significantly increased and IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 contents were significantly decreased; serum acid phosphatase (ACP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities were increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05); in the liver, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001), while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). Proteomics discovered that <jats:italic>F. velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharides may exert immune modulatory effects by participating in signaling pathways such as immune diseases, transport and catabolism, phagosomes and influenza A, regulating the immune-related proteins Transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC) and Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2 (RSAD2), etc. Gut microbial studies showed that <jats:italic>F. velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharides could increase the abundance of intestinal flora and improve the flora structure. Compared to the model group, the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the relative abundance of SCFA-producers <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Alloprevotella<\/jats:italic> were increased in the <jats:italic>F. velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharide administration group, while <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>f_Lachnospiraceae_Unclassified<\/jats:italic> decreased in relative abundance. Thus, <jats:italic>F. velutipes<\/jats:italic> polysaccharide may play an immunomodulatory role by regulating the intestinal environment and improving the balance of flora.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.841230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T09:36:37Z","timestamp":1643362597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The Effect of Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharide on Immunization Analyzed by Intestinal Flora and Proteomics"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Qiongxin","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingchun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuting","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO02312C","article-title":"Ovotransferrin ameliorates the dysbiosis of immunomodulatory function and intestinal microbiota induced by cyclophosphamide","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2021.09.002","article-title":"Fungi for future foods","volume":"1","author":"Barzee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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