{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:44:52Z","timestamp":1789677892966,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Probiotics and prebiotics relieve constipation by altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota. However, their synergistic mechanism of action remains unclear. Herein, an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fermentation model was constructed to examine the synergistic effects of <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium lactis<\/jats:italic> BL-99 and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on the regulation of intestinal microbiota from a population with constipation. The utilization of FOS was promoted by BL-99, and the increase rate being 22.33%. Relative to the BL-99 and the FOS groups, the BL-99_FOS group showed a highly significant increase in acetic acid content (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01) and a marked decrease in CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S contents (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01) in the fermentation broth. In addition, the BL-99_FOS combination significantly changed the structure of the intestinal microbiota, enhanced the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria that relieved constipation, including <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium, Fecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, Subdoligranulum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>, and decreased those of the harmful bacteria, including <jats:italic>Bilophila<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Escherichia-Shigella<\/jats:italic>. These findings suggested that BL-99 and FOS synergistically regulated the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota from the population with constipation and increased acetic acid and decreased CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S levels, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of synbiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.890316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T14:44:43Z","timestamp":1651157083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["In vitro Study of Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 With Fructooligosaccharide Synbiotics Effected on the Intestinal Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sufang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsien","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Lian","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13762","article-title":"European society of neurogastroenterology and motility guidelines on functional constipation in adults.","volume":"32","author":"Serra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.04.014","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence and burden of functional gastrointestinal disorders, results of rome foundation global study.","volume":"160","author":"Sperber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114590","article-title":"Plasma metabolomic pro fi les reveal regulatory effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on loperamide-induced constipation in mice.","volume":"211","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60685-1","article-title":"Blood pressure and incidence of twelve cardiovascular diseases: lifetime risks, healthy life-years lost, and age-specific associations in 1\u22c525 million people.","volume":"383","author":"Rapsomaniki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet (British Edition)."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8100605","article-title":"Efficacy of synbiotics in patients with slow transit constipation: a prospective randomized trial.","volume":"8","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.03.075","article-title":"Future possibility of mizagliflozin on functional constipation and\/or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.","volume":"157","author":"Fukudo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology (New York, N.Y. 1943)."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182549092","article-title":"World gastroenterology organisation global guidelines: probiotics and prebiotics october 2011.","volume":"46","author":"Guarner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.12938\/bmfh.2015-001","article-title":"Short- and long-term dynamics in the intestinal microbiota following ingestion of bifidobacterium animalis subsp. 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