{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:52:21Z","timestamp":1791402741934,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> is the most prevalent pathogen causing chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and gastric tumors and is asymptomatically present in 50% of the world's population. This research is focused on investigating the effect of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM 54 (CCTCC NO:2016667) on attenuating <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>-induced gastritis. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> ZJC03 isolated from a patient with gastritis harbored the virulence genes of <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic> and was highly resistant to metronidazole (MIC &amp;gt; 256 \u03bcg\/mL). <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> analysis revealed that the potential anti-<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> characteristics of <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM54 in terms of 65.57 \u00b1 1.87% survival rate in simulated gastric juices at a pH of 2.0, 69.00 \u00b1 2.73% auto-aggregation, 30.28 \u00b1 2.24% co-aggregation, 70.27 \u00b1 2.23% urease inhibition, and 57.89 \u00b1 1.27% radical scavenging. In <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infectious mice, <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM54 pre- and post-treatment reduced the levels of malondialdehyde in liver tissues to 0.71 \u00b1 0.04 nmol\/mgprot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and 0.70 \u00b1 0.06 nmol\/mgprot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), respectively. Glutathione levels were increased to 1.78 \u00b1 0.02 \u03bcmol\/gprot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and 1.76 \u00b1 0.52 \u03bcmol\/gprot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), respectively. <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM54 significantly inhibited <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>-mediated inflammation observed in gastric mucosal repair and downregulated the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-\u03b3, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-6 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). Importantly, <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM54 increased Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota and decreased the relative abundance of bacterial taxa belonging to Campilobacterota and Proteobacteria. With the preventive and therapeutic administration of <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM54, significant reductions in the average relative abundance of genera <jats:italic>Helicobacter, Muribaculum, Staphylococcus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Alloprevotella<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Oscillibacter<\/jats:italic> were observed compared to infected mice. These findings suggest that <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> ZFM 54 has the potential to protect against <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection by ameliorating inflammation and restoring the gastric microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.972569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T08:26:25Z","timestamp":1661329585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Preventive and therapeutic effect of Lactobacillus paracasei ZFM54 on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis by ameliorating inflammation and restoring gastric microbiota in mice model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuzhat","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingyao","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuorui","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5610","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i19.5610","article-title":"Factors that mediate colonization of the human stomach by Helicobacter pylori","volume":"20","author":"Dunne","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13474","article-title":"Review article: the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and the incidence of gastric cancer across Europe","volume":"43","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12270","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.12270","article-title":"Long-chain fatty acids alter transcription of Helicobacter pylori virulence and regulatory genes","volume":"9","author":"Valdez-Salazar","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12965","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12965","article-title":"Expression of CEACAM1 or CEACAM5 in AZ-521 cells restores the type IV secretion deficiency for translocation of CagA by Helicobacter pylori","volume":"21","author":"Tegtmeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-200000870.x","article-title":"Role of antimicrobial susceptibility testing on efficacy of triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"14","author":"Toracchio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708423","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori therapy for the prevention of metachronous gastric cancer","volume":"378","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.08.028","article-title":"The impact of Helicobacter pylori infection, eradication therapy and probiotic supplementation on gut microenvironment homeostasis: an open-label, randomized clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBio Medicine"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6759","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9761","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo examination of anticolonization of pathogens by Lactobacillus paracasei FJ861111.1","volume":"98","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-09580-3","article-title":"Probiotic therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection: a potential strategy against a serious pathogen?","volume":"103","author":"Qureshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.1.49","article-title":"Prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection by lactobacilli in a gnotobiotic murine model","volume":"41","author":"Kabir","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-020-00073-x","article-title":"Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of acomplex mixture of Lactobacillus paracasei HP7 including the extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta and Glycyrrhiza glabra Lab","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-017-0172-z","article-title":"Lactobacillus paracasei strain 06TCa19 suppresses inflammatory chemokine induced by Helicobacter pylori in human gastric epithelial cells","volume":"30","author":"Takeda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Cell."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390.\/jcm8010090","article-title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. act against Helicobacter pylori-induced Inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17092","article-title":"Characterization and evaluation of lactic acid bacteria from indigenous raw milk for potential probiotic properties","volume":"103","author":"Reuben","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12039","article-title":"Haem oxygenase-1 inhibits phosphorylation of the Helicobacter pylori oncoprotein CagA in gastric epithelial cells","volume":"15","author":"Gobert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12460","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12460","article-title":"Levels of malondialdehyde in the gastric juice: its association with Helicobacter pylori infection and stomach diseases","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Helicobacter."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(03)00147-2","article-title":"Serum and plasma concentration of oxidant and antioxidants in patients of Helicobacter pylori gastritis and its correlation with gastric cancer","volume":"195","author":"Khanzode","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1998.00407.x","article-title":"Development and application of an in vitro methodology to determine the transit tolerance of potentially probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in the upper human gastrointestinal tract","volume":"84","author":"Charteris","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-021-09775-7","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of probiotic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 isolated from traditional indigenous fermented food","volume":"13","author":"Ahire","year":"2021","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicro."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787451","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.787451","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial Resistance of Clostridioides difficile in hospitalized patients from Mexico","volume":"12","author":"Aguilar-Zamora","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.01915.x","article-title":"Adhesion and aggregation ability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus M92","volume":"94","author":"Kos","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2003.tb03377.x","article-title":"The effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection of human intestinal cells in vitro","volume":"47","author":"Hirano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25030586","article-title":"The in vitro activity of essential oils against Helicobacter pylori growth and urease activity","volume":"25","author":"Korona-Glowniak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.01.001","article-title":"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori through the inhibition of urease and peptide deformylase: Computational and biological studies","volume":"128","author":"Saravanakumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb Pathog."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c01070","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum ZJ316 attenuates Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"69","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921875","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.921875","article-title":"Regulatory effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 2-33 on intestinal microbiota of mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea","volume":"9","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i6.1424","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection: host immune response, implications on gene expression and microRNAs","volume":"20","author":"Cadamuro","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000542","article-title":"Bacterial overgrowth and diversification of microbiota in gastric cancer","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.111125","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a novel bacteriocin from Lactobacillus paracasei ZFM54","volume":"143","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"LWT-Food Sci Technol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6735","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11505-6","article-title":"Purification, characterization, and mode of action of Paracin 54, a novel bacteriocin against Staphylococci","volume":"105","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14627","article-title":"Genome sequence analysis and in vitro probiotic characteristics of a Lactobacillus strain Lactobacillus paracasei ZFM54","volume":"129","author":"Qureshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925219","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/925219","article-title":"Lactobacilli reduce chemokine IL-8 production in response to TNF-\u03b1 and Salmonella challenge of Caco-2 cells","volume":"2013","author":"Ren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6807","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-6582","article-title":"Preliminary selection for potential probiotic Bifidobacterium isolated from subjects of different Chinese ethnic groups and evaluation of their fermentation and storage characteristics in bovine milk","volume":"96","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-021-09754-y","article-title":"Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus species isolated from fermented palm sap in Thailand","volume":"13","author":"Sornsenee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicro."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00937","article-title":"Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L1 and its growth performance-promotion in chicken by improving the intestinal microflora","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.04.067","article-title":"Lactobacillus strains inhibit biofilm formation of Salmonella sp. isolates from poultry","volume":"123","author":"Merino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res Int."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.3390.\/foods9080985","article-title":"Clusters of Lactobacillus strains from vegetal origins are associated with beneficial functions: experimental data and statistical interpretations","volume":"9","author":"Barache","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.7.2470-2475.1991","article-title":"Essential role of urease in pathogenesis of gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori in gnotobiotic piglets","volume":"59","author":"Eaton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70531-1","article-title":"Lymphocytes in the human gastric mucosa during Helicobacter pylori have a T helper cell 1 phenotype","volume":"114","author":"Bamford","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2021-0242","article-title":"Targeting IL-1\u03b2 in patients with advanced Helicobacter pylori infection: a potential therapy for gastric cancer","volume":"17","author":"Filaly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10510","article-title":"Changes in gastric microbiota induced by Helicobacter pylori infection and preventive effects of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY 2013 against such infection","volume":"99","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2018.04.003","article-title":"Antagonistics of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 against Helicobacter pylori SS1 and its infection in vitro in human gastric epithelial AGS cells","volume":"126","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biosci Bioeng."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.26205","article-title":"The role of the gastrointestinal microbiome in Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis","volume":"4","author":"Sheh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Microbes."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.131","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with an altered gastric microbiota in children","volume":"10","author":"Brawner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006653","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006653","article-title":"Comparison of the human gastric microbiota in hypochlorhydric states arising as a result of Helicobacter pylori-induced atrophic gastritis, autoimmune atrophic gastritis and proton pump inhibitor use","volume":"13","author":"Parsons","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02315-x","article-title":"Interplay and cooperation of Helicobacter pylori and gut microbiota in gastric carcinogenesis","volume":"21","author":"Bakhti","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.972569\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T08:26:28Z","timestamp":1661329588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.972569\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2022.972569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.972569","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"article-number":"972569"}}