{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:27:11Z","timestamp":1790011631201,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":208,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acarbose (ACB) seems to be an effective drug in the management of cardiovascular risk factors. However, no previous meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has been done to evaluate the effects of ACB on cardiovascular risk factors on impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). We comprehensively searched electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for RCTs for related keywords up to September 2022. A random-effects model was used to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The pooled analysis demonstrated that ACB treatment had a significant effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22123.55\u2009mg\/dL; 95%CI: \u22126.29, \u22120.81;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011), fasting insulin (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22126.73\u2009pmoL\/L; 95%CI: \u221210.37, \u22123.10;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), HbA1c [WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.32%; 95%CI: \u22120.45, \u22120.20;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001], body weight (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22121.25\u2009kg; 95%CI: \u22121.79, \u22120.75;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.64\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; 95%CI: \u22120.92, \u22120.37;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22122.70\u2009pg\/mL, 95%CI: \u22125.25, \u22120.16;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037), leptin (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22121.58\u2009ng\/mL; 95%CI: \u22122.82, \u22120.35;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012), alanine transaminase (ALT) (WMD\u2009=\u20090.71\u2009U\/L; 95%CI: \u22120.31, 1.85;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.164), triglyceride (TG) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u221213.89\u2009mg\/dL; 95%CI: \u221220.69, \u22127.09;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22122.26\u2009mg\/dL; 95%CI: \u22124.18, \u22120.34;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD\u2009=\u2009\u22121.29\u2009mmHg; 95%CI: \u22122.44, \u22120.15;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD\u2009=\u20090.02\u2009mmHg; 95%CI: \u22120.41, 0.45;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.925) in an intervention group, compared with a placebo group. The non-linear dose\u2013response analysis showed that ACB reduces the TC in trial duration by &amp;gt;50\u2009weeks, and 180\u2009mg\/day is more effective for the decrement of CRP. ACB can improve lipid profiles, glycemic indices, anthropometric indices, and inflammatory markers in T2D, T1D, and IGT patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1084084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T18:20:54Z","timestamp":1690914054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The effects of acarbose treatment on cardiovascular risk factors in impaired glucose tolerance and diabetic patients: a systematic review and dose\u2013response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Zamani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahlagha","family":"Nikbaf-Shandiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasaman","family":"Aali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niloufar","family":"Rasaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahtab","family":"Zarei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farideh","family":"Shiraseb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Asbaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A207","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.10.suppl_3.207","article-title":"Abstract 207: burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on economic cost. 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