{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:22:43Z","timestamp":1790266963073,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Currently, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) remains high and there is a great need to develop better and safer ways to alleviate AR symptoms. The\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                      GUANKE probiotic was reported as an immunomodulator through maintaining Th1\/Th2 balance. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of GUANKE in AR subjects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults aged from 18 to 60\u2009years old and previously suffered from AR were recruited and received GUANKE probiotics treatment for 4\u2009weeks. The questionnaires of Total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), total non-nasal symptom score (TNNSS), and rhinitis control assessment test (RCAT) were used to assess the effectiveness before and after treatment. The serum allergen-specific IgE and cytokines were also determined at baseline and after 4\u2009weeks of probiotics administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed that TNSS and TNNSS were significantly reduced and the RCAT score was significantly increased compared to baseline. The sub-symptom score of rhinorrhea, itching, sneezing, and tearing in each questionnaire also showed significant changes, and the serum IgE level was markedly decreased. We further measured inflammatory-related proteins in serum and found that a total of 20 proteins (6 upregulated and 14 downregulated) were significantly changed compared to baseline, including IL-4, IL-7, IL-20, IL-33, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL11, CCL4, CCL23, TGF-alpha, LAP-TGF-beta-1, MMP-1, MMP-10, AXIN1, NT-3, OSM, SCF, CD6, and NRTN. Enrichment analysis showed that these significantly altered proteins were mainly enriched in cytokine and chemokine-related signaling pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Taken together, this study demonstrated the\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                      GUANKE can serve as an effective immunobiotic for the treatment of AR, which is realized through maintaining the Th1\/Th2 balance by modulating the functions of various cytokines and chemokines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1291100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]],"date-time":"2024-01-14T23:21:24Z","timestamp":1705274484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE effectively alleviates allergic rhinitis symptoms by modulating functions of various cytokines and chemokines"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Haijun","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoliang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuewen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingmin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming D.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00227-0","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis","volume":"6","author":"Bousquet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2015.12.002","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis: burden of illness, quality of life, comorbidities, and control","volume":"36","author":"Meltzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.2.156","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis in China","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14067","article-title":"Recent developments and highlights in allergic rhinitis","volume":"74","author":"Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23090","article-title":"International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: allergic rhinitis - 2023","volume":"13","author":"Wise","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2015.12.004","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis: mechanisms and treatment","volume":"36","author":"Bernstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15454","article-title":"Update on pathomechanisms and treatments in allergic rhinitis","volume":"77","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60130-X","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis","volume":"378","author":"Greiner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4354","article-title":"Do probiotics have a role in the treatment of allergic rhinitis? 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