{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:12:29Z","timestamp":1753891949760,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007289","name":"Nanjing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YKK21153","NMUB2020101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKK21153","NMUB2020101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Short-chain polypeptides are composed of three to nine amino acids, which can be absorbed by the intestinal tract without digestive enzymes and ATP energy. Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) is a chronic non-specific disease derived from inflammation and damage of the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of short-chain polypeptide-based exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) formulas on intestinal injury in Chinese children with active CD. From January 2013 to January 2019, a total of 84 consecutive children with a diagnosis of Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, were divided into mild and moderate-to-severe active CD groups. Each group was further divided into two subgroups: drug group and short-chain polypeptide plus drug group. Tests were carried out on the levels of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) in the blood, fecal calprotectin (FC), and occludin protein in the intestinal mucosa 1\u2009day before treatment and 8\u2009weeks after treatment. Endoscopic and histopathological observations were detected to compare the changes in intestinal injury in children with active CD. After 8\u2009weeks of treatment, the SES-CD scores and Chiu scores of the ileocecal area and terminal ileum of children with mild active CD and the ileocecal area of children with moderate-to-severe active CD in short-chain polypeptide plus drug group were significantly lower than those in the drug group. The OD value of occludin in the terminal ileum and ileocecal area of children with mild active CD and the ileocecal area of children with moderate-to-severe active CD after short-chain polypeptide-based EEN formulas and drug treatment was significantly higher than those in the drug group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt;\u20090.05). Meanwhile, the levels of FC and I-FABP were significantly decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt;\u20090.05). The results showed that short-chain polypeptide-based EEN formulas effectively alleviate intestinal injury in children with active CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.931004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T05:24:24Z","timestamp":1683264264000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of short-chain polypeptide-based EEN formulas in alleviating intestinal injury in children with Crohn\u2019s disease: a single-center study in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Runqiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinguo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-022-01953-0","article-title":"Metabolic changes during exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric Crohn's disease patients","volume":"18","author":"Marques","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.1982","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents","volume":"169","author":"Rosen","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.12.282","article-title":"Twenty-first century trends in the global epidemiology of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review","volume":"162","author":"Kuenzig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767456","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.767456","article-title":"IL-1\u03b2 and the intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier","volume":"12","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.038","article-title":"IL1B increases intestinal tight junction permeability by up-regulation of MIR200C-3p, which degrades Occludin mRNA","volume":"159","author":"Rawat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-022-00826-x","article-title":"DUSP3 regulates phosphorylation-mediated degradation of occludin and is required for maintaining epithelial tight junction","volume":"29","author":"Chou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98012-w","article-title":"Accuracy of citrulline, I-FABP and D-lactate in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia","volume":"11","author":"Nuzzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02334-6","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid binding protein is a disease biomarker in paediatric coeliac disease and Crohn's disease","volume":"22","author":"Logan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1745918","article-title":"Parallel changes in Harvey-Bradshaw index, TNF\u03b1, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein in response to infliximab in Crohn's disease","volume":"2017","author":"al-Saffar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.01.020","article-title":"Exclusive enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease: evidence and practicalities","volume":"38","author":"Ashton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.04.005","article-title":"Consensus guidelines of ECCO\/ESPGHAN on the medical management of pediatric Crohn's disease","volume":"8","author":"Ruemmele","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001896","article-title":"Nutrition in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a position paper on behalf of the Porto inflammatory bowel disease group of the European society of pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition","volume":"66","author":"Miele","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD000542","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000542.pub3","article-title":"Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn's disease","volume":"2018","author":"Narula","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2020.94157","article-title":"Peptide-based formula versus standard-based polymeric formula for critically ill children: is it superior for patients' tolerance?","volume":"16","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmv094","article-title":"Evaluation of nutritional status in children during predialysis, or treated by peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis","volume":"62","author":"Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1901191","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201901191","article-title":"Effects of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition on the intestinal microcirculation and mucosal barrier in mice with severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"64","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000239","article-title":"ESPGHAN revised Porto criteria for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents","volume":"58","author":"Levine","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"10758","article-title":"Nursing effect of nasoscopically assisted nasogastri tube and nasojejunal tube placement","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD008870","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008870.pub2","article-title":"Aminosalicylates for induction of remission or response in Crohn's disease","volume":"2016","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.18144","article-title":"A multicenter trial of 6-mercaptopurine and prednisone in children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease","volume":"119","author":"Markowitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jjac175","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac175","article-title":"Endoscopic recurrence or anastomotic wound healing phenomenon after ileocolic resection for Crohn's disease: the challenges of accurate endoscopic scoring","author":"van der Does de Willebois","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjw118","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of inflammatory bowel disease presenting before the age of 2 years","volume":"11","author":"Kammermeier","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904307","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/904307","article-title":"Incidence and Paris classification of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2014","author":"Eszter M\u00fcller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12927","article-title":"Infliximab plus azathioprine is more effective than azathioprine alone in achieving mucosal healing in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"21","author":"Melek","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jjad019","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad019","article-title":"Multi-item measures for pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases: the ABCs of all those acronyms","author":"Ledder","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1111\/den.13863","article-title":"The endoscopic diagnosis of mucosal healing and deep remission in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"33","author":"Moriichi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4960","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i45.4960","article-title":"Moxibustion down-regulates colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and repairs tight junctions in rats with Crohn's disease","volume":"17","author":"Bao","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"235","article-title":"Effect of moxibustion on colonic TNF-alpha content and influence of colonic supernatant of crohn's disease rats undergoing moxibustion on expression of occludin, claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 proteins and genes in cultured colonic epithelial cells","volume":"36","author":"Shi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhen Ci Yan Jiu"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-016-0090-0","article-title":"Herb-partitioned moxibustion upregulated the expression of colonic epithelial tight junction-related proteins in Crohn's disease model rats","volume":"11","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-5985.22.03156-4","article-title":"New non-invasive biomarkers of intestinal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases and their correlation with fecal calprotectin: a pilot study","author":"Szymanska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Minerva Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01126.x","article-title":"Diagnostic precision of fecal calprotectin for inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal malignancy","volume":"102","author":"von Roon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3109\/00365520903483650","article-title":"Faecal calprotectin and lactoferrin are reliable surrogate markers of endoscopic response during Crohn's disease treatment","volume":"45","author":"Sipponen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20490","article-title":"Fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, and endoscopic disease activity in monitoring anti-TNF-alpha therapy for Crohn's disease","volume":"14","author":"Sipponen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"162","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) as a new biomarker for intestinal diseases","volume":"58","author":"Funaoka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rinsho Byori"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31819194b0","article-title":"A pilot study on the noninvasive evaluation of intestinal damage in celiac disease using I-FABP and L-FABP","volume":"43","author":"Derikx","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.7754\/clin.lab.2014.140518","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) as a promising test for Crohn's disease: a preliminary study","volume":"61","author":"Sarikaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Lab"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2023.931004\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T05:24:30Z","timestamp":1683264270000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2023.931004\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2023.931004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2023.931004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-861X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"article-number":"931004"}}