{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:18:24Z","timestamp":1780478304369,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antenatal depression and maternal nutrition can influence infant temperament. Although broad-spectrum-micronutrients (BSM: vitamins and minerals) given above Recommended Dietary Allowances during pregnancy can mitigate symptoms of antenatal depression, their associated effects on infant temperament are unknown. One hundred and fourteen New Zealand mother-infant dyads (45 infants exposed to BSM during pregnancy (range of exposure during pregnancy: 12\u2013182\u2009days) to treat antenatal depressive symptoms (measured by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and 69 non-exposed infants) were followed antenatally and for 12\u2009months postpartum to determine the influence of <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> BSM exposure on infant temperament. The Infant Behavior Questionnaire\u2013Revised: Very Short-Form assessed temperament at 4 (T1), 6 (T2) and 12 (T3) months postpartum via online questionnaire. Latent growth curve modeling showed BSM exposure, antenatal depression and infant sex did not statistically significantly predict initial levels or longitudinal changes in orienting\/regulatory capacity (ORC), positive affectivity\/surgency (PAS) or negative affectivity (NEG). Higher gestational age was positively associated with initial PAS, and smaller increases between T1 and T3. Breastfeeding occurrence was positively associated with initial NEG. Although not significant, BSM exposure exerted small, positive effects on initial NEG (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.116) and longitudinal changes in ORC (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.266) and NEG (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.235). While BSM exposure did not significantly predict infant temperament, it may mitigate risks associated with antenatal depression. BSM-exposed infants displayed temperamental characteristics on par with typical pregnancies, supporting the safety of BSM treatment for antenatal depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1307701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T15:06:58Z","timestamp":1713798418000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring the impact of antenatal micronutrients used as a treatment for maternal depression on infant temperament in the first year of life"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"S. A.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Dys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M. T.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. A.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Rucklidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1103","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.74","article-title":"Influences of prenatal and postnatal maternal depression on amygdala volume and microstructure in young children","volume":"7","author":"Wen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.12.004","article-title":"Prepartum and postpartum maternal depressive symptoms are related to Children\u2019s Brain structure in preschool","volume":"80","author":"Lebel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"41","article-title":"Maternal perinatal depression-impact on infant and child development","volume":"4","author":"Waxler","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Psychiatric Review"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91340-1","article-title":"Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales","volume":"1","author":"Barker","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2017.03.008","article-title":"Review of prenatal maternal mental health and the development of infant temperament","volume":"46","author":"Erickson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.2307\/1130527","article-title":"Roundtable: what is temperament? Four approaches","volume":"58","author":"Goldsmith","year":"1987","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-4076-8_13","article-title":"Toward a theory of infant temperament","volume-title":"The development of attachment and affiliative systems","author":"Goldsmith","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-8606.2012.00254.x","article-title":"What is temperament now? Assessing progress in temperament research on the twenty-fifth anniversary of Goldsmith et al.()","volume":"6","author":"Shiner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child Dev Perspect"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Development of individual differences in temperament","author":"Rothbart","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000346","article-title":"The significance of early temperamental reactivity for children\u2019s social competence with peers: a meta-analytic review and comparison with the role of early attachment","volume":"147","author":"Borowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13753","article-title":"Research review: a systematic review and meta-analysis of infant and toddler temperament as predictors of childhood attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"64","author":"Joseph","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579420001996","article-title":"Infant temperament prospectively predicts general psychopathology in childhood","volume":"34","author":"Morales","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Becoming who we are: Temperament and personality in development","author":"Rothbart","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Brunner\/Mazel","author":"Thomas","year":"1977","journal-title":"Temperament developt"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2013.841171","article-title":"Development and assessment of short and very short forms of the infant behavior questionnaire\u2013revised","volume":"96","author":"Putnam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-6383(02)00169-8","article-title":"Studying infant temperament via the revised infant behavior questionnaire","volume":"26","author":"Gartstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2014.09.001","article-title":"Perinatal depression influences on infant negative affectivity: timing, severity, and co-morbid anxiety","volume":"37","author":"Rouse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.07.003","article-title":"Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: the influence of maternal stress in pregnancy","volume":"117","author":"Van den Bergh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719000709","article-title":"Maternal mental health and infant emotional reactivity: a 20-year two-cohort study of preconception and perinatal exposures","volume":"50","author":"Spry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2006.03.003","article-title":"Prenatal depression effects on the fetus and newborn: a review","volume":"29","author":"Field","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579422001055","article-title":"Maternal\u2013prenatal stress and depression predict infant temperament during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"36","author":"Buthmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-009-0171-8","article-title":"Temperament, personality and developmental psychopathology: a review based on the conceptual dimensions underlying childhood traits","volume":"41","author":"De Pauw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2010.09.008","article-title":"Prenatal depression effects on early development: a review","volume":"34","author":"Field","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-017-0709-0","article-title":"The relations between maternal prenatal anxiety or stress and child\u2019s early negative reactivity or self-regulation: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Korja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.06.012","article-title":"A meta-analysis of maternal prenatal depression and anxiety on child socioemotional development","volume":"57","author":"Madigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/infa.12215","article-title":"Prenatal depression and infant temperament: the moderating role of placental gene expression","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infancy"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579416000560","article-title":"Prenatal maternal depression and child serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) genotype predict negative emotionality from 3 to 36 months","volume":"29","author":"Babineau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2004.10.007","article-title":"Antenatal maternal anxiety and stress and the neurobehavioural development of the fetus and child: links and possible mechanisms. A review","volume":"29","author":"Van den Bergh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867420979353","article-title":"The 2020 Royal Australian and new Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders","volume":"55","author":"Malhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579418000536","article-title":"Opening windows of opportunities: evidence for interventions to prevent or treat depression in pregnant women being associated with changes in offspring\u2019s developmental trajectories of psychopathology risk","volume":"30","author":"Goodman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2019.260","article-title":"Effects of psychological treatment of mental health problems in pregnant women to protect their offspring: randomised controlled trial","volume":"216","author":"Burger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"2014"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.02.023","article-title":"Use of antidepressants during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies","volume":"124","author":"Biffi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13367","article-title":"Neonatal outcome and adaption after in utero exposure to antidepressants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"145","author":"Kautzky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.003","article-title":"Prenatal SSRI antidepressant use and maternal internalizing symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum: exploring effects on infant temperament trajectories for boys and girls","volume":"258","author":"Erickson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22821","article-title":"Women\u2019s decision making about antidepressant use during pregnancy: a narrative review","volume":"35","author":"Hippman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0225133","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225133","article-title":"Antidepressant prescriptions, discontinuation, depression and perinatal outcomes, including breastfeeding: a population cohort analysis","volume":"14","author":"Jordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-11-12","article-title":"Does prenatal micronutrient supplementation improve children\u2019s mental development? A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Leung","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.6.1997S","article-title":"Pregnancy and lactation: physiological adjustments, nutritional requirements and the role of dietary supplements","volume":"133","author":"Picciano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2008.01.030","article-title":"Position of the American dietetic association: nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome","volume":"108","author":"Kaiser","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2006.07.001","article-title":"The Dutch famine and its long-term consequences for adult health","volume":"82","author":"Roseboom","year":"2006","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy123","article-title":"Maternal dietary patterns and birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Chia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e016777","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016777","article-title":"The importance of maternal diet quality during pregnancy on cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Borge","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2013.07.002","article-title":"Maternal and early postnatal nutrition and mental health of offspring by age 5 years: a prospective cohort study","volume":"52","author":"Jacka","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302110","article-title":"Relationship between diet and mental health in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"104","author":"O\u2019Neil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.04.025","article-title":"Cognitive enhancement in infants associated with increased maternal fruit intake during pregnancy: results from a birth cohort study with validation in an animal model","volume":"8","author":"Bolduc","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122964","article-title":"Human milk omega-3 fatty acid composition is associated with infant temperament","volume":"11","author":"Hahn-Holbrook","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e046790","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046790","article-title":"Associations between antenatal maternal diet and other health aspects with infant temperament in a large multiethnic cohort study: a path analysis approach","volume":"12","author":"Schoeps","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21391","article-title":"Maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy is associated with infant temperament","volume":"58","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2020.1740595","article-title":"Broad spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of symptoms of depression, stress, and\/or anxiety: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Blampied","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.2.614S","article-title":"Nutrition and the developing brain: nutrient priorities and measurement","volume":"85","author":"Georgieff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103530","article-title":"Maternal nutrition and neurodevelopment: a scoping review","volume":"13","author":"Cort\u00e9s-Albornoz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992120","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.992120","article-title":"The role of nutrients in human neurodevelopment and their potential to prevent neurodevelopmental adversity","volume":"9","author":"Heland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980012000067","article-title":"Effect of high doses of folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy on child neurodevelopment at 18 months of age: the mother\u2013child cohort \u2018Rhea\u2019study in Crete, Greece","volume":"15","author":"Chatzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-36484-8","article-title":"Prenatal folic acid supplement\/dietary folate and cognitive development in 4-year-old offspring from the Japan environment and Children\u2019s study","volume":"13","author":"Nishigori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzac061.115","article-title":"Association of Antenatal Micronutrient Supplementation with Adolescent Emotional and Behavioral Health: a 14-year follow-up of a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Current Develop Nutrition"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.12.001","article-title":"Effects of antenatal micronutrient supplementation regimens on adolescent emotional and behavioral problems: a 14-year follow-up of a double-blind, cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-020-0612-9","article-title":"Maternal folate levels during pregnancy and children\u2019s neuropsychological development at 2 years of age","volume":"74","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy225","article-title":"Association between maternal iodine intake in pregnancy and childhood neurodevelopment at age 18 months","volume":"188","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.5.1112","article-title":"Effect of iron supplementation in pregnancy on IQ and behavior of children at 4 years: long term follow up of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0927","article-title":"Effects of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on pregnant women and their offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials over the past 3 decades","volume":"184","author":"Nazeri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13509","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13509","article-title":"Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements versus iron-folic acid supplements and birth outcomes: analysis by gestational age assessment method","volume":"19","author":"Gomes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.3.704","article-title":"Effects of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on infant development: a randomized trial from the maternal and infant nutrition interventions, Matlab (MINIMat) study","volume":"87","author":"Tofail","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152744","article-title":"Effects of maternal prenatal multi-micronutrient supplementation on growth and development until 3 years of age","volume":"16","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"75","article-title":"Single and broad-Spectrum micronutrient treatments in psychiatric practice","volume":"75","author":"Popper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Complementary and Integrative Treatments in Psychiatric Practice"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2011.594121","article-title":"Prenatal maternal anxiety and early childhood temperament","volume":"14","author":"Blair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12246","article-title":"Prenatal depression and 5\u2010HTTLPRinteract to predict dysregulation from 3 to 36\u2009months \u2013 a differential susceptibility model","volume":"56","author":"Babineau","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01661-0","article-title":"The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence","volume":"28","author":"Moncrieff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061317","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1061317","article-title":"Serotonin system in the human placenta\u2013the knowns and unknowns","volume":"13","author":"Peri\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03143-z","article-title":"Can broad-spectrum multinutrients treat symptoms of antenatal depression and anxiety and improve infant development? Study protocol of a double blind, randomized, controlled trial (the \u2018NUTRIMUM\u2019trial)","volume":"20","author":"Bradley","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2022.07.579","article-title":"Vitamins and minerals treat antenatal depression and improve birth and infant development: results of the double-blind NutriMum RCT","volume":"61","author":"Rucklidge","year":"2022","journal-title":"AACAP\/CACAP 2022 annual meeting"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.2307\/1129176","article-title":"Measurement of temperament in infancy","volume":"52","author":"Rothbart","year":"1981","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.01.044","article-title":"Validation studies of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale for the antenatal period","volume":"176","author":"Kozinszky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.11.011","article-title":"Validated tools to identify common mental disorders in the perinatal period: a systematic review of systematic reviews","volume":"298","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1965-7","article-title":"Validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale against both DSM-5 and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for depression","volume":"18","author":"Smith-Nielsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Structural equation models with nonnormal variables","author":"West","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref77","volume-title":"Latent curve models: A structural equation approach","author":"Bollen","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref78","volume-title":"Principles and practice of structural equation modeling","author":"Kline","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model Multidiscip J"},{"key":"ref80","volume-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":""},{"key":"ref81","volume-title":"Applied missing data analysis","author":"Enders","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.2.147","article-title":"Missing data: our view of the state of the art","volume":"7","author":"Schafer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0633-3","article-title":"Maternal antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation for long-term health benefits in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Devakumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4905","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004905.pub6","article-title":"Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy","volume":"3","author":"Keats","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020491","article-title":"Vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy on maternal, birth, child health and development outcomes in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2024.105948","article-title":"Effect of antenatal micronutrient or antidepressant exposure on Brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale (NBAS) performance within one-month of birth","volume":"190","author":"Campbell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.337","article-title":"The development of visual attention in infancy","volume":"52","author":"Colombo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-018-2769-0","article-title":"Psychological effects of breastfeeding on children and mothers","volume":"61","author":"Krol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsbl Gesundheitsforsch Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.23.4.467","article-title":"Behavioral and heart rate pattern differences between breast-fed and bottle-fed neonates","volume":"23","author":"di Pietro","year":"1987","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2015.0184","article-title":"The association between infant temperament and breastfeeding duration: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Taut","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29326","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029326","article-title":"Breastfeeding and infant temperament at age three months","volume":"7","author":"de Lauzon-Guillain","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2019.08.002","article-title":"Factors that predict infant temperament: a Jordanian study","volume":"51","author":"Abuhammad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"ref93","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.20.2.139","article-title":"Whose depression relates to discrepancies? Testing relations between informant characteristics and informant discrepancies from both informants\u2019 perspectives","volume":"20","author":"De Los Reyes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000499","article-title":"Effect size guidelines for cross-lagged effects","author":"Orth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2024.1307701\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T15:07:10Z","timestamp":1713798430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2024.1307701\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"references-count":95,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2024.1307701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2024.1307701","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"article-number":"1307701"}}