{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:16:54Z","timestamp":1792293414314,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ginger (\n                    <jats:italic>Zingiber officinale<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a rhizome that has been used as a healthy herbal plant for years. Ginger\u2019s chemical components are recognized to provide beneficial health effects, namely as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents with the potential to operate as immunomodulators. This literature review covers numerous publications concerning ginger\u2019s immunomodulatory potential, associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in modifying the body\u2019s immune system. Pathophysiology of oxidative stress and inflammation were introduced before diving deep down into the herbal plants as an immunomodulator. Ginger\u2019s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are provided by gingerol, shogaols, paradol, and zingerone. Ginger\u2019s antioxidant mechanism is linked to Nrf2 signaling pathway activation. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism is linked to Akt inhibition and NF-KB activation, triggering the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines while reducing proinflammatory cytokines. Ginger consumption as food and drink was also explored. Overall, ginger and its active components have been shown to have strong antioxidant properties and the potential to reduce inflammation. Challenges and future prospects of ginger are also elaborated for future development. Future collaborations between researchers from various fields, including chemists, biologists, clinicians, pharmacists, and the food industry, are required further to investigate the effect of ginger on human immunity. Collaboration between researchers and industry can help accelerate the advancement of ginger applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1364836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T15:28:54Z","timestamp":1718119734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["A critical review of Ginger\u2019s (Zingiber officinale) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Fitriyono","family":"Ayustaningwarno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemala","family":"Anjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azzahra Mutiara","family":"Ayu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Fogliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8060185","article-title":"Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe)","volume":"8","author":"Mao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Secur"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5772","DOI":"10.1021\/jf050435b","article-title":"Gingerol content of diploid and tetraploid clones of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe)","volume":"53","author":"Wohlmuth","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"158","article-title":"Inflammation, immunity, and 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