{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T20:21:18Z","timestamp":1785270078479,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission, during which patients experience a range of gastrointestinal symptoms that negatively impact their quality of life. With the rising prevalence of the Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), new therapeutic approaches, including nutritional strategies, are being sought to support therapeutic treatment. One of dietary strategy under investigation is a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols diet (LFD), which limits the intake of indigestible and slowly absorbed carbohydrates. An increasing number of studies indicate that the LFD may alleviate visceral hypersensitivity and improve patients\u2019 quality of life. However, alongside these benefits, the diet carries risks, particularly in regard to potential adverse effects on the gut microbiota and the possibility of vitamin and mineral deficiencies. The current body of evidence indicates that the LFD is best considered as a short-term therapeutic option for IBD patients in remission with persistent IBS-like symptoms. While there is evidence to suggest that it is effective in controlling symptoms, there is absence of data demonstrating that it reduces intestinal inflammation. Therefore, its use requires careful management to mitigate risks related to nutritional status and gut microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1673867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:15:29Z","timestamp":1759936529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Inflammatory bowel diseases and the low-FODMAP diet: benefits and challenges in therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kinga","family":"Skoracka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicja Ewa","family":"Ratajczak-Paw\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martyna","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Rychter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Szwarc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"\u0141ykowska-Szuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Dobrowolska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Krela-Ka\u017amierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.20524\/aog.2024.0894","article-title":"The National Burden of inflammatory bowel disease in the United States from 1990-2019: results from the global burden of disease study database","volume":"37","author":"Alsakarneh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"390","author":"Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S116088","article-title":"The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: current and therapeutic insights","volume":"10","author":"Lane","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102334","article-title":"Impact of food additives on gut homeostasis","volume":"11","author":"Laudisi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.019","article-title":"Diet as a trigger or therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"152","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-019-00248-z","article-title":"Popular diet trends for inflammatory bowel diseases: claims and evidence","volume":"17","author":"Weber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.05.014","article-title":"The efficacy and real-world effectiveness of a diet low in fermentable oligo-, Di-, monosaccharides and polyols in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Jent","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3356","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i18.3356","article-title":"Low-FODMAP diet reduces irritable bowel symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"23","author":"Pedersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14102072","article-title":"A low-FODMAP diet provides benefits for functional gastrointestinal symptoms but not for improving stool consistency and mucosal inflammation in IBD: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041067","article-title":"Food and food groups in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): the Design of the Groningen Anti-Inflammatory Diet (GrAID)","volume":"13","author":"Campmans-Kuijpers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00011-0","article-title":"Inflammation and malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"8","author":"Massironi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13341","article-title":"Impact of malnutrition and sarcopenia on quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicentre study","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002044","article-title":"Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent among inflammatory bowel disease patients with clinical remission","volume":"33","author":"\u00dcnal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15081991","article-title":"Nutritional status and its detection in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"15","author":"Jab\u0142o\u0144ska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17389","article-title":"Impact of malnutrition and nutrition support in hospitalised patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"57","author":"Dua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02413-y","article-title":"Long-term effects of increasing Omega-3, Omega-6 and Total polyunsaturated fats on inflammatory bowel disease and markers of inflammation: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"60","author":"Ajabnoor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102333","article-title":"Analysis of the nutrients and food products intake of polish males with ulcerative colitis in remission","volume":"11","author":"G\u0142\u0105bska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.12.004","article-title":"ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"42","author":"Bischoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.11.303","article-title":"AGA clinical practice update on diet and nutritional therapies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert review","volume":"166","author":"Hashash","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwad058","article-title":"Insights into inflammatory bowel disease and effects of dietary fatty acid intake with a focus on polyunsaturated fatty acids using preclinical models","volume":"7","author":"Smyth","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Canadian Assoc Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4713","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12144713","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and prognostic relevance of sarcopenia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease\u2014a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Potcovaru","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4214","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184214","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia: its mechanism and clinical importance","volume":"10","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2174\/1574884715666200212125035","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of prebiotics on constipation: a schematic review","volume":"15","author":"Naseer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i14.2078","article-title":"Role of prebiotics, probiotics, and Synbiotics in Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: current perspectives","volume":"29","author":"Roy","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03288.x","article-title":"Oral Oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation in acute ulcerative colitis is well tolerated and associated with lowered Faecal calprotectin","volume":"25","author":"Casellas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-022-02136-2","article-title":"Lactoferrin for Iron-deficiency Anemia in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical trial","volume":"92","author":"El Amrousy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03183","article-title":"The role of dietary nutrients in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"9","author":"Sugihara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1947-9","article-title":"Glutamine and whey protein improve intestinal permeability and morphology in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"57","author":"Benjamin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000790","article-title":"L-arginine availability and metabolism is altered in ulcerative colitis","volume":"22","author":"Coburn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.44","article-title":"Dietary intake and risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"106","author":"Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Official J American College Gastroenterol | ACG"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040896","article-title":"What should I eat? Dietary recommendations for patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"15","author":"Saha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.05.047","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing the specific carbohydrate diet to a Mediterranean diet in adults with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"161","author":"Lewis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac068","article-title":"Effect of supplemental vitamin D3 on bone mineral density: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Kazemian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2021.20614","article-title":"Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14020269","article-title":"Vitamin D in inflammatory bowel diseases. Mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications","volume":"14","author":"Vernia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4847","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15224847","article-title":"The role of vitamin D in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with Vedolizumab","volume":"15","author":"Abraham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15506","article-title":"Systematic review with Meta-analysis: Association of Vitamin D Status with clinical outcomes in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"50","author":"Gubatan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.03.020","article-title":"Nutritional deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease: therapeutic approaches","volume":"32","author":"Massironi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1159\/000535007","article-title":"Take-home messages from 20 years of progress in dietary therapy of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"79","author":"Gkikas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4036","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13114036","article-title":"Does folic acid protect patients with inflammatory bowel disease from complications?","volume":"13","author":"Ratajczak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.13054","article-title":"British dietetic association consensus guidelines on the nutritional assessment and dietary Management of Patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"36","author":"Lomer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jjaa161","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa161","article-title":"The medical management of paediatric Crohn\u2019s disease: an ECCO-ESPGHAN guideline update","volume":"15","author":"van Rheenen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/003655299750025615","article-title":"Nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease: an update","volume":"34","author":"Geerling","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103380","article-title":"Oxidative stress-related biomarkers as promising indicators of inflammatory bowel disease activity: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Traten\u0161ek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13060898","article-title":"The potential role of vitamin E and the mechanism in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1159\/000505368","article-title":"Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"101","author":"Schreiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2006.03.001","article-title":"Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02446.x","article-title":"Seasonality of vitamin D status and bone turnover in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"McCarthy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i3.334","article-title":"Bones and Crohn\u2019s: no benefit of adding sodium fluoride or ibandronate to calcium and vitamin D","volume":"17","author":"Klaus","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2894169","article-title":"The influence of nutrients on inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"2020","author":"Jarmakiewicz-Czaja","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.6.754","article-title":"Pre-illness dietary factors in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"40","author":"Reif","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3093","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16183093","article-title":"Nutrients, diet quality, and dietary patterns in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparative analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.09.057","article-title":"The healthy microbiome\u2014what is the definition of a healthy gut microbiome?","volume":"160","author":"Shanahan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18871-1","article-title":"Health and disease markers correlate with gut microbiome composition across thousands of people","volume":"11","author":"Manor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.09.039","article-title":"Meta-analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD","volume":"588","author":"Walters","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-017-0813-5","article-title":"Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"11","author":"Nishida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001966","article-title":"Progress in the investigation of the Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio as a potential pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis","volume":"74","author":"Yin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2024.09.006","article-title":"Alternations of the gut microbiota and the Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio after biologic treatment in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"58","author":"Tsai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12365","article-title":"Colonisation by Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and maintenance of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"38","author":"Varela","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01619-w","article-title":"Drug-microbiota interactions: an emerging priority for precision medicine","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sig Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12153","article-title":"The more the merrier: Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872725","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/872725","article-title":"Association between Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii reduction and inflammatory bowel disease: a Meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature","volume":"2014","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21590","article-title":"Relationship between human intestinal dendritic cells, gut microbiota, and disease activity in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R79","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2012-13-9-r79","article-title":"Dysfunction of the intestinal microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease and treatment","volume":"13","author":"Morgan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12636","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of probiotics in IBD: an overview of systematic reviews and updated Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Estevinho","year":"2024","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa262","article-title":"Gastrointestinal surgery for inflammatory bowel disease persistently lowers microbiome and metabolome diversity","volume":"27","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13686","article-title":"How to institute the low-FODMAP diet","volume":"32","author":"Barrett","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"otad077","DOI":"10.1093\/crocol\/otad077","article-title":"Diet and nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease: a review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Manski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crohn's & Colitis 360"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02506.x","article-title":"Personal view: food for thought - Western lifestyle and susceptibility to Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Gibson","year":"2005","journal-title":"FODMAP Hypothesis Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12530","article-title":"The low FODMAP diet in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: an evidence-based review of FODMAP restriction, reintroduction and personalisation in clinical practice","volume":"31","author":"Whelan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9090940","article-title":"Low-FODMAP diet improves irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: a Meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Altobelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.11.303","article-title":"AGA clinical practice update on diet and nutritional therapies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert review","volume":"166","author":"Hashash","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.260","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms meeting criteria for irritable bowel syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Halpin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30300-9","article-title":"Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome-type symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in remission: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Fairbrass","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10010031","article-title":"IBS-symptoms in IBD patients-manifestation of concomitant or different entities","volume":"10","author":"Sza\u0142wi\u0144ska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.09.024","article-title":"Effects of low FODMAP diet on symptoms, fecal microbiome, and markers of inflammation in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease in a randomized trial","volume":"158","author":"Cox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.05.015","article-title":"Bifidobacterial inulin-type Fructan degradation capacity determines cross-feeding interactions between Bifidobacteria and Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii","volume":"231","author":"Moens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000708","article-title":"Fermentable carbohydrate restriction (low FODMAP diet) in clinical practice improves functional gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"22","author":"Prince","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2008.09.004","article-title":"Reduction of dietary poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) improves abdominal symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease\u2014a pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Gearry","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Crohn's Colitis"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4009","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i15.4009","article-title":"Follow-up of patients with functional bowel symptoms treated with a low FODMAP diet","volume":"22","author":"Louise Maagaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20249","article-title":"Pilot study on the effect of reducing dietary FODMAP intake on bowel function in patients without a Colon","volume":"13","author":"Croagh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4562","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214562","article-title":"Low-FODMAP diet for the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in remission of IBD","volume":"14","author":"Wi\u0119cek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15818","article-title":"Review article: FODMAPS, prebiotics and gut health-the FODMAP hypothesis revisited","volume":"52","author":"Gibson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010148","article-title":"Low FODMAP diet: evidence, doubts, and hopes","volume":"12","author":"Bellini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e164","DOI":"10.1038\/ctg.2016.22","article-title":"Consistent prebiotic effect on gut microbiota with altered FODMAP intake in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomised, controlled cross-over trial of well-defined diets","volume":"7","author":"Halmos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.06.023","article-title":"A randomized, 6-Wk trial of a low FODMAP diet in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","author":"Bodini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1673867\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:15:30Z","timestamp":1759936530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1673867\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2025.1673867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1673867","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"article-number":"1673867"}}