{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:12:17Z","timestamp":1768479137267,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005719","name":"Dicle \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005719","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus canoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , an endemic species in T\u00fcrkiye, was studied for its chemical composition and biological activities, with emphasis on food-related applications. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil from aerial parts revealed an exceptionally high carvacrol content (99.9%), highlighting its potential as a natural preservative. LC-MS\/MS profiling of ethanol extracts (aerial and root) identified rosmarinic acid as the dominant phenolic (885.53 \u00b1 7.25 \u03bcg\/g in aerial part; 721.08 \u00b1 6.14 \u03bcg\/g in root), along with notable levels of apigenin and quinic acid. The aerial extract showed higher total phenolic (114.39 \u00b1 1.86 mg PEs\/g) and flavonoid contents (47.80 \u00b1 0.94 mg QE\/g) than the root extract.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    antioxidant assays revealed strong activity for both extracts: the root was more active in DPPH (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 24.32 \u00b1 0.84 \u03bcg\/mL) and CUPRAC (A\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 9.99 \u00b1 0.02 \u03bcg\/mL), while the aerial part extract was superior in ABTS (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 8.36 \u00b1 0.05 \u03bcg\/mL). The essential oil exhibited outstanding ABTS (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 0.43 \u00b1 0.02 \u03bcg\/mL) and CUPRAC (A\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 3.36 \u00b1 0.07 \u03bcg\/mL) activity. Enzyme inhibition assays showed strong \u03b1-glucosidase inhibition (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 683.35 \u00b1 3.75 \u03bcg\/mL) by the oil and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition (69.61 \u00b1 1.84% at 200 \u03bcg\/mL). Antimicrobial tests demonstrated significant activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MIC: 19.53 \u03bcg\/mL) and\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MIC: 39.06 \u03bcg\/mL). Taken together,\n                    <jats:italic>T. canoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                    represents a promising source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme-inhibitory properties suitable for functional food and clean-label preservation applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1675586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T22:52:01Z","timestamp":1768431121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the metabolite composition and biological activities of Thymus canoviridis via volatile and non-volatile fraction analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ezgi","family":"Ersoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University","place":["Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selami","family":"Ercan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Batman University","place":["Batman, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ercan","family":"\u00c7\u0131nar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Batman University","place":["Batman, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevcan","family":"\u0130zgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University","place":["Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcls\u00fcm","family":"Tune\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University","place":["Diyarbakir, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"Zengin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sel\u00e7uk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology","place":["Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emel","family":"Matarac\u0131 Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University","place":["Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeter","family":"Ye\u015fil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University","place":["Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University","place":["Diyarbakir, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Bo\u011fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University","place":["Diyarbakir, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Ero\u011flu \u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University","place":["Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Thyme: The Genus Thymus. 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