{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:52:56Z","timestamp":1787755976871,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score has been established as a significant prognostic indicator of clinical outcomes in diverse, critically ill, patient populations. Nevertheless, limited research has explored the relationship between CONUT score and mortality risk among older Japanese adults diagnosed with dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the prognostic utility of the CONUT score in older Japanese adults diagnosed with dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center, retrospective, observational study included data from 235 older adults diagnosed with dysphagia to quantify the prevalence of malnutrition using the CONUT score and to delineate its independent prognostic relationship with mortality. The CONUT score was categorized as normal (0\u20131), mild (2\u20134), moderate (5\u20138), or severe (9\u201312) nutritional risk. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan\u2013Meier curves and time-stratified Cox regression analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to examine the consistency of the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study included 94 male and 141 female patients, with a mean (\u00b1SD) age of 82.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f9.3\u202fyears, of whom 85.96% were classified as having nutritional risk according to CONUT score. Kaplan\u2013Meier curve analysis revealed a stepwise reduction in survival with worsening malnutrition, with median survival times of 936\u202fdays (normal), 468\u202fdays (mild), 266\u202fdays (moderate), and 52\u202fdays (severe). In time-stratified Cox regression analyses, higher CONUT scores were associated with increased mortality risk [continuous CONUT score: adjusted HR 1.11 (95% CI 1.03\u20131.19);\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.006]. After full multivariable adjustment, a significant dose\u2013response relationship across ordinal CONUT categories was maintained (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for trend\u202f=\u202f0.008). Compared with patients with normal nutritional status, those with severe malnutrition exhibited a higher point estimate of mortality risk [adjusted HR 2.61 (95% CI 0.97\u20136.96);\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.055], while mild and moderate malnutrition groups showed increased but statistically non-significant risks (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt;\u202f0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CONUT score shows important prognostic value for mortality risk stratification in older Japanese adults with dysphagia. A significant dose\u2013response relationship across malnutrition categories was observed, particularly when the score was analyzed as a continuous variable, highlighting its potential utility in clinical risk assessment. These findings suggest that routine CONUT screening may help identify patients at higher nutritional risk and support timely nutritional interventions in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1688697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T14:15:40Z","timestamp":1768227340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation between controlling nutritional status score and mortality risk in older Japanese adults diagnosed with dysphagia: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Xi\u2019an People\u2019s Hospital (Xi\u2019an Fourth Hospital)","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Xi\u2019an People\u2019s Hospital (Xi\u2019an Fourth Hospital)","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.199","article-title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia: manifestations and diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Rommel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9820-4","article-title":"The influence of oropalatal dimensions on the measurement of tongue strength","volume":"32","author":"Pitts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/dox131","article-title":"Economic and survival burden of dysphagia among inpatients in the United States","volume":"31","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13763","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13763","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of dysphagia in hospitalized patients","volume":"32","author":"Spronk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000190056.76543.eb","article-title":"Dysphagia after stroke: incidence, diagnosis, and pulmonary complications","volume":"36","author":"Martino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.11.006","article-title":"Prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Kalf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"38","article-title":"CONUT: a tool for controlling nutritional status. First validation in a hospital population","volume":"20","author":"de Ignacio Ul\u00edbarri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2022.2059091","article-title":"The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and prognosis in malignant tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1177\/00033197221094409","article-title":"Association of controlling nutritional status score with adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60404-9","article-title":"Association with controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and in-hospital mortality and infection in acute heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Kato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2023.05.012","article-title":"Controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and the risk of mortality or impaired physical function in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Di Vincenzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref12","volume-title":"Statistical handbook of Japan 2025","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-014-0025-3","article-title":"Nutritional status and dysphagia risk among community-dwelling frail older adults","volume":"18","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0217120","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217120","article-title":"Comparison of long-term outcomes between enteral nutrition via gastrostomy and total parenteral nutrition in older persons with dysphagia: a propensity-matched cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Masaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21501319231158280","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319231158280","article-title":"Effect of dysphagia on the older adults\u2019 nutritional status and meal pattern","volume":"14","author":"Saleedaeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Prim Care Community Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544338","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1544338","article-title":"Effectiveness of CONUT and NRI as nutritional risk screening tools in peritoneal dialysis: a multicenter study","volume":"12","author":"Qiu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03143-8","article-title":"Malnutrition-related mortality trends in older adults in the United States from 1999 to 2020","volume":"21","author":"Mostafa","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2013.08.005","article-title":"Dysphagia in stroke, neurodegenerative disease, and advanced dementia","volume":"46","author":"Altman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13521","article-title":"The severity of nutrition and pneumonia predicts survival in patients with aspiration pneumonia: a retrospective observational study","volume":"16","author":"Yanagita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20480040221102741","DOI":"10.1177\/20480040221102741","article-title":"The burden of malnutrition & frailty in patients with coronary artery disease: an under-recognized problem","volume":"11","author":"Arshad","year":"2022","journal-title":"JRSM Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114522486","article-title":"Prospective cohort study comparing the effects of different artificial nutrition methods on long-term survival in the elderly: Japan assessment study on procedures and outcomes of artificial nutrition (JAPOAN)","volume":"39","author":"Bito","year":"2015","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S23404","article-title":"Dysphagia in the elderly: management and nutritional considerations","volume":"7","author":"Sura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S107750","article-title":"European Society for Swallowing Disorders - 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