{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T01:49:45Z","timestamp":1793324985346,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5\u201315% of reproductive-aged women and involves significant metabolic dysregulation, for which nutritional interventions show therapeutic potential. Methods: This umbrella meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from 46 randomized trials (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f30,133) to evaluate dietary supplements targeting core PCOS pathways.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This umbrella meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from 46 randomized trials (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f30,133) to evaluate dietary supplements targeting core PCOS pathways.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Key nutraceuticals demonstrate clinically relevant benefits: myo-inositol significantly improves insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.81) and SHBG levels (SMD\u202f=\u202f9.65) by enhancing glucose transporter activity; probiotics reduce systemic inflammation (CRP SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.82) via gut-microbiota modulation; omega-3 fatty acids ameliorate dyslipidemia (LDL-C SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22129.57; HDL-C SMD\u202f=\u202f2.31) through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Plant-derived compounds like curcumin lower fasting glucose (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22123.43) via NF-\u0138B pathway inhibition, while green tea catechins reduce adiposity. Significant heterogeneity arises from variations in supplement bioavailability, dosing protocols, and patient metabolic phenotypes. Nevertheless, consistent evidence confirms that targeted nutrient supplementation modulates insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, and hormonal balance in PCOS. Emerging research priorities include personalized nutrition protocols leveraging nutrigenomic interactions and antioxidant-rich formulations (e.g., vitamin E, selenium).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work establishes a mechanistic foundation for integrating evidence-based nutraceuticals\u2014particularly myo-inositol, probiotics, and omega-3s\u2014into PCOS management, offering clinically actionable strategies while highlighting needs for standardized dosing and bioavailability studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:uri>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD42024602681<\/jats:uri>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1705284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:29:31Z","timestamp":1761715771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of dietary supplements as an adjunctive therapy for polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rutong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kongwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingqi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaocan","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00598-8","article-title":"Environmental factors in declining human fertility","volume":"18","author":"Skakkeb\u00e6k","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S200341","article-title":"Genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome (Pcos): current perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Clin Genet"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_140_18","article-title":"Causes and prevalence of factors causing infertility in a public health facility","volume":"12","author":"Deshpande","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16057","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.57","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Azziz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.19.2486","article-title":"Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (Ncep) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III)","volume":"285","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.048611","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome: requiescat in pace","volume":"51","author":"Reaven","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms030","article-title":"Overweight, obesity and central obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead053","article-title":"Childhood, adolescent, and adulthood adiposity are associated with risk of Pcos: a mendelian randomization study with umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Dobbie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-019-0318-z","article-title":"Age at adiposity rebound in childhood is associated with Pcos diagnosis and obesity in adulthood-longitudinal analysis of Bmi data from birth to age 46 in cases of Pcos","volume":"43","author":"Koivuaho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179558119874042","DOI":"10.1177\/1179558119874042","article-title":"Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome: implications for pathogenesis and novel management strategies","volume":"13","author":"Barber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Reprod Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew243","article-title":"Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp studies","volume":"31","author":"Cassar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01208-y","article-title":"Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome \u2013 beyond diet and physical activity","volume":"23","author":"Cowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-014-3433-z","article-title":"Focus on metabolic and nutritional correlates of polycystic ovary syndrome and update on nutritional management of these critical phenomena","volume":"290","author":"Rondanelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051677","article-title":"Natural molecules in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos): an analytical review","volume":"13","author":"Iervolino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab141","article-title":"Nutritional supplements and complementary therapies in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Alesi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16410","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16410","article-title":"Comparison of nutritional supplements in improving glycolipid metabolism and endocrine function in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and network umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2022.2089106","article-title":"Nutraceuticals and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"38","author":"Menichini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.4274\/jtgga.2018.0077","article-title":"The effect of nutrient supplementation in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome-associated metabolic dysfunctions: a critical review","volume":"19","author":"G\u00fcnalan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.24","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Escobar-Morreale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g7647","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis protocols (Prisma-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation","volume":"350","author":"Shamseer","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad463","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520003207","article-title":"Influence of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Tosatti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-105288","article-title":"The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on androgen status in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"48","author":"Hajishafiee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6425","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-1050","article-title":"Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Xia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-2011-x","article-title":"Nutritional supplements and herbal medicines for women with polycystic ovary syndrome; a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Arentz","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2016.06.025","article-title":"Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8991","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-2018","article-title":"Efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on hormones, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters among polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0346-x","article-title":"Effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-023-01130-4","article-title":"Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on metabolic status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1442-y","article-title":"Effectiveness of myoinositol for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Zeng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14754","article-title":"Inositol treatment of anovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"125","author":"Pundir","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0243","article-title":"Myo-inositol effects in women with Pcos: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"6","author":"Unfer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-023-01055-z","article-title":"Inositol is an effective and safe treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"21","author":"Greff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051111","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1051111","article-title":"Therapeutic effect and safety of curcumin in women with Pcos: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00761-6","article-title":"Effect of curcumin on glycaemic and lipid parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"29","author":"Simental-Mend\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7274","article-title":"The effects of curcumin as dietary supplement for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"36","author":"Abdelazeem","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020684","article-title":"Effects of curcumin on glycemic control and lipid profile in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review with umbrella meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis","volume":"13","author":"Chien","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7918631","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7918631","article-title":"The effect of berberine on reproduction and metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized control trials","volume":"2019","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2023.12.038","article-title":"Effects of polyphenol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"294","author":"Almeida Balieiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2022.2118709","article-title":"Selenium supplementation for polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-101835","article-title":"The effects of supplementation with chromium on insulin resistance indices in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"50","author":"Heshmati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2017.04.008","article-title":"Chromium supplementation and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Fazelian","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8849688","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8849688","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood lipids in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"2021","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060520935313","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520935313","article-title":"Influence of vitamin D supplementation on lipid levels in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"48","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15727","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on hormones and menstrual cycle regularization in polycystic ovary syndrome women: a systemic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-101355","article-title":"The effects of vitamin D supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Akbari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2016.11.008","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"26","author":"Fang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Complement Ther Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14291","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12957","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on hormonal and glycaemic profile of patients with Pcos: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"71","author":"Pergialiotis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-20-2492","article-title":"Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile in polycystic ovary syndrome women: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.8525","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Miao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-016-4247-y","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D on biochemical parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome women: an umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"295","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19927","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24467-0","article-title":"An umbrella meta-analysis of effects of vitamin E supplementation alone and in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Heidari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2022.2079629","article-title":"Vitamin E supplementation improves testosterone, glucose- and lipid-related metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"38","author":"Yalle-V\u00e1squez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-019-09559-0","article-title":"The effects of probiotic supplementation on clinical symptom, weight loss, glycemic control, lipid and hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"Tabrizi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1951155","article-title":"Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02033-1","article-title":"The effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on hormonal and inflammatory indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Shamasbi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3000605211031758","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211031758","article-title":"Effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Miao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2023.44.134.32404","article-title":"Efficacy of resveratrol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"44","author":"Ali Fadlalmola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-024-01450-z","article-title":"Effect of melatonin supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress and hormonal profile in Pcos patients: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"17","author":"Ziaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14885","article-title":"Effects of carnitine on glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and fertility outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13992","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.13992","article-title":"Effects of L-carnitine supplementation for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Mohd Shukri","year":"2022","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072452","article-title":"Nutrition strategy and life style in polycystic ovary syndrome-narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Szczuko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-023-00479-8","article-title":"Pathophysiology and nutritional approaches in polycystic ovary syndrome (Pcos): a comprehensive review","volume":"12","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Nutr Rep"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205232","article-title":"Composite dietary antioxidant index associated with delayed biological aging: a population-based study","volume":"16","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4132","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24224132","article-title":"Antioxidants of natural plant origins: from sources to food industry applications","volume":"24","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10050714","article-title":"Plant foods rich in antioxidants and human cognition: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Baroni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E206","DOI":"10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2762","article-title":"Dietary supplements for polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"63","author":"Kiani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2017.03.030","article-title":"Nutritional management in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a review study","volume":"11","author":"Faghfoori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2019-1534","article-title":"N-3 fatty acids as preventive and therapeutic agents in attenuating Pcos complications","volume":"18","author":"Salek","year":"2019","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16172961","article-title":"Role of omega-3 fatty acids in improving metabolic dysfunctions in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Albardan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-023-01358-9","article-title":"Dietary fat quality nd serum androgen concentrations in middle-aged men","volume":"78","author":"Wynne-Ellis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12020349","article-title":"The comparative effects of Myo-inositol and metformin therapy on the clinical and biochemical parameters of women of Normal weight suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Gudovi\u0107","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.4331\/wjbc.v11.i3.76","article-title":"Current understanding of glucose transporter 4 expression and functional mechanisms","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14060504","article-title":"Myo-inositol as a key supporter of fertility and physiological gestation","volume":"14","author":"Gambioli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104921","article-title":"Curcumin: an inflammasome silencer","volume":"159","author":"Hasanzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15705","article-title":"Curcuma longa Linn versus omeprazole in treatment of functional dyspepsia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Yongwatana","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092675","article-title":"Beneficial effects of green tea catechins on female reproductive disorders: a review","volume":"26","author":"Kamal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072214","article-title":"The content of minerals in the PCOS group and the correlation with the parameters of metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Pokorska-Niewiada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00593-z","article-title":"The health effects of vitamin D supplementation: evidence from human studies","volume":"18","author":"Bouillon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5770","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09082-3","article-title":"Effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormonal functions in Pcos (polycystic ovary syndrome): a systematic review and umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Tefagh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141355","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1141355","article-title":"The effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on polycystic ovarian syndrome: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Angoorani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2023.09.018","article-title":"The role of probiotics in women\u2019s health: an update narrative review","volume":"63","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8090295","article-title":"The biomedical uses of Inositols: a nutraceutical approach to metabolic dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"8","author":"L\u00f3pez-Gambero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050521","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of probiotic Bacteria","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041454","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, current management, and future therapeutics","volume":"12","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030589","article-title":"Evidence-based lifestyle guidelines and self-management strategies utilized by women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Cowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2018.07.002","article-title":"Effect of synbiotic pomegranate juice on glycemic, sex hormone profile and anthropometric indices in PCOS: A randomized, triple blind, controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Esmaeilinezhad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases: NMCD"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-7802.15386","article-title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on pancreatic \u03b2-cell function and c-reactive protein in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Shoaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-018-0457-1","article-title":"The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Jamilian","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1705284\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:29:33Z","timestamp":1761715773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1705284\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"references-count":90,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2025.1705284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1705284","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"article-number":"1705284"}}