{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T07:00:48Z","timestamp":1767942048100,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the co-administration of metoclopramide and probiotics on enteral feeding tolerance in mechanically ventilated patients after cranial surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From January 2023 to December 2024, a total of 88 patients presenting with acute brain injury and treated by craniocerebral surgery were screened. Of these, 32 were excluded and 56 patients were enrolled and assigned to either the intervention group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 32) or the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 24). Enteral nutrition was initiated within 24 h following nasogastric tube placement. The intervention group received a combined regimen of metoclopramide and probiotics for 3\u20137 days in addition to the standard enteral nutrition protocol. Feeding complications and functional outcomes were compared between the two groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to the control group, the intervention group exhibited a statistically significant reduction in total gastric residual volume (GRV) during the first 3 days of gastric tube feeding (103.1 \u00b1 47.8 ml versus 756.3 \u00b1 137.1 ml,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in vomiting and diarrhea incidence within 7 days (3.1% versus 20.8%; 6.3% versus 25%, all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05), higher serum albumin levels at 2 weeks (33.1 \u00b1 1.5 g\/L versus 31.8 \u00b1 1.5 g\/L,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05), and a shorter hospital stay (17.8 \u00b1 4.1 days versus 23.7 \u00b1 5.1 days,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). However, the groups did not differ significantly in 3-month postoperative modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (4.2 \u00b1 0.8 versus 4.3 \u00b1 1.0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The co-administration of metoclopramide and probiotics significantly reduced gastrointestinal intolerance such as gastric retention, vomiting, and diarrhea in mechanically ventilated patients following craniocerebral surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1714169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T05:14:29Z","timestamp":1767935669000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metoclopramide combined with probiotics improves gastric retention in mechanically ventilated patients following craniocerebral surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yuling","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinqin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-1908-3","article-title":"Gastric versus transpyloric feeding in severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective, randomized trial.","volume":"36","author":"Acosta-Escribano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17342","article-title":"Best evidence summary for aspiration prevention and management in critically ill patients with nasogastric feeding.","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181c0263d","article-title":"Nutrition therapy in the critical care setting: what is best achievable practice? An international multicenter observational study.","volume":"38","author":"Cahill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnss.2022.06.014","article-title":"Preventive strategies for feeding intolerance among patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a cross-sectional survey.","volume":"9","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2022.07.004","article-title":"Comparison of nutritional effectiveness and complication rate between early nasojejunal and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with an intracerebral hemorrhage.","volume":"103","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1000 Faculty Rev-983","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.21832.1","article-title":"Management strategies for the treatment and prevention of 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