{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:30:49Z","timestamp":1792859449562,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":266,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ateneo 2023","award":["RM123188F1E218B8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RM123188F1E218B8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by beta-amyloid (A\u03b2) deposition, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (pTau), mitochondrial impairment and neuroinflammation. Several risk factors, such as aging, genetics, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and lifestyle, concur to the onset of the disease. Among modifiable risk factors, micronutrient intake has gained attention for its potential role in preventing or slowing down disease progression. In this narrative review, we summarize current evidence linking vitamin deficiencies to the onset and progression of AD. We analyze evidence for fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins (C and B-complex, both canonical B1\u2013B12 and non-canonical forms such as B13, B15, and B17). We then analyze individual and combinational vitamin supplementation in AD patients as the primary focus, with additional data derived from animal and cellular studies when human data are limited. As final result, B6, B9, and B12 vitamins have demonstrated promising effects in clinical trials. Interestingly, some beneficial effects have also been observed in the prodromal stage of AD when these vitamins were combined with antioxidant compounds such as vitamin C and vitamin E. Given the multifactorial nature of AD, targeting isolated vitamin deficiencies may not be sufficient. Future research should focus on long-term clinical trials (at least 2\u202fyears), particularly exploring combinations of vitamins and antioxidants, to achieve meaningful therapeutic effects. This review is intended as a point of support for future clinical trials in the treatment of AD from a nutritional point of view.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1676497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T15:34:32Z","timestamp":1770996872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vitamin deficiencies and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: evidence and implications for supplementation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mariya Timotey","family":"Miteva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR","place":["Rome, Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Di Risola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Mariano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12638","article-title":"2022 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"18","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2023.0608","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease puzzle: delving into pathogenesis hypotheses","volume":"15","author":"Nasb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Soc Aging 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