{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:48:58Z","timestamp":1789775338577,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine meteorological factors associated with maternal vitamins D, A, and E and their associations with delivery and neonatal outcomes in central China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 10,824 third-trimester women who delivered at 37\u202fweeks or later in Wuhan (2020\u20132023), serum vitamin levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Daily temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind speed were matched to individual blood collection dates. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to evaluate associations with fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), low birth weight, and macrosomia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vitamin D deficiency (30.2%), vitamin A deficiency (5.5%), and vitamin E excess (41.8%) were common. Each 1\u202f\u00b0C increase in ambient temperature was associated with lower odds of vitamin D deficiency (aOR 0.970,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) and vitamin A deficiency (aOR 0.976,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.008), with significant temperature\u2013humidity and temperature\u2013wind interactions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Vitamin A deficiency was associated with higher odds of PROM (aOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.44\u20132.14), whereas low or moderate vitamin D and A levels were associated with lower odds of fetal distress and meconium staining (aOR approximately 0.85,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). Vitamin A deficiency was associated with markedly higher odds of macrosomia (aOR 3.14), and vitamin E excess was associated with a 60% increase in odds (aOR 1.60). Restricted cubic spline models revealed U-shaped associations between vitamin A and low birth weight, and between vitamin D and macrosomia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ambient temperature emerged as the primary meteorological factor associated with maternal vitamin status. Both deficiency and excess were associated with adverse delivery and neonatal outcomes, supporting the need for population-specific optimization beyond deficiency prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1737197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T05:32:47Z","timestamp":1771997567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond deficiency prevention: meteorological determinants and nonlinear associations of maternal vitamins D, A, and E with perinatal outcomes in 10,824 Chinese pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Changzhen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12210","article-title":"Global summary of maternal and newborn vitamin D status\u2014a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Saraf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980015002980","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency prevalence and risk factors among pregnant Chinese women","volume":"20","author":"Yun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980012003084","article-title":"Vitamin D status in Chinese pregnant women and their newborns in Beijing and their relationships to birth 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