{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T03:43:31Z","timestamp":1788925411489,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The lipoprotein combine index (LCI), integrating total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and HDL-C, may better reflect atherogenic burden than traditional single-lipid measures. We hypothesized that higher baseline LCI would be independently associated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in incident PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multicenter retrospective cohort, 1,986 incident PD patients from six centers (2005\u20132021) were analyzed. LCI was divided into quartiles (Q1-Q4). Outcomes were all-cause and CVD mortality. Missing covariates were imputed. Centre-stratified Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs), and restricted cubic splines assessed non-linear trends.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a median 35-month follow-up, 662 deaths occurred, including 328 CVD deaths. Higher LCI quartiles showed progressively higher mortality. For all-cause death, adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.41 (1.10\u20131.80), 1.59 (1.25\u20132.02) and 1.70 (1.34\u20132.15) for Q2-Q4 vs. Q1. For CVD death, HRs were 1.45 (1.03\u20132.02), 1.29 (0.92\u20131.82) and 1.68 (1.22\u20132.33). A non-linear pattern was observed for all-cause mortality, with risk increasing when LCI exceeded ~20. The association with CVD mortality was stronger in younger patients (&amp;lt;60\u202fyears) (P interaction\u202f=\u202f0.048).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher baseline LCI independently predicted all-cause and CVD mortality in PD patients, supporting its usefulness for risk stratification and age-specific lipid management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1768195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T05:23:42Z","timestamp":1772515422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between lipoprotein combine index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Caixia","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University","place":["Nanchang, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases of Jiangxi Province","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingdong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Jiangmen Central Hospital","place":["Jiangmen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenfen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueqiang","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang No. 1 People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Jiujiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Urology and Nephrology Center, Hangzhou Medical College","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingming","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, DongGuan SongShan Lake Tungwah Hospital","place":["Dongguan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medical Statistics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianlong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University","place":["Nanchang, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases of Jiangxi Province","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University","place":["Nanchang, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases of Jiangxi Province","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojiang","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University","place":["Nanchang, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases of Jiangxi Province","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfae188","article-title":"Remote 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