{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:59:37Z","timestamp":1792511977249,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thyroid hormone activation depends on the conversion of T4 to T3 by the selenoenzyme DIO1, whose expression is suppressed by inflammation and oxidative stress. This study evaluated whether a combination of vitamin A, selenium, taurine, oleic acid, and resveratrol could counteract Lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced downregulation of DIO1 in HepG2 cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cytotoxicity of Taurine, Resveratrol, Retinol, and Oleic acid was assessed in FB789 and HepG2 cells by MTT assay. Non-toxic, biologically active concentrations (2.5\u202f\u03bcM Taurine; 2.5\u202f\u03bcM Resveratrol; 50\u202f\u03bcM Retinol; 100\u202f\u03bcM Oleic Acid) were used to test DIO1 modulation following LPS exposure (1\u202f\u03bcg\/mL).\n                      <jats:italic>DIO1<\/jats:italic>\n                      mRNA and protein levels were quantified by qRT-PCR and Western blot.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All compounds exhibited acceptable cell viability profiles at low-to-mid range doses. LPS markedly suppressed\n                      <jats:italic>DIO1<\/jats:italic>\n                      mRNA expression, whereas each nutrient partially restored its levels. Notably, the combined treatment completely prevented LPS-mediated DIO1 downregulation and significantly increased DIO1 protein abundance compared with both medium and LPS-treated controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      model, a specific combination of bioactive nutrients effectively restored DIO1 expression under inflammatory conditions, supporting peripheral thyroid hormone activation. These findings provide mechanistic rationale for nutrition-based strategies aimed at mitigating inflammation-related impairment of T4-to-T3 conversion in vulnerable or catabolic clinical populations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1773486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:32:56Z","timestamp":1774535576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Novel nutraceutical combination restores hepatic deiodinase expression and protein levels under inflammatory conditions: evidence from an in vitro model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Valeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia","place":["Viterbo, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Loupakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Trees Healthcare","place":["Viterbo, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pasqualetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kiss Association ETS","place":["Pisa, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Paccosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia","place":["Viterbo, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Proietti De Santis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia","place":["Viterbo, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia","place":["Viterbo, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29812","article-title":"Deiodinases: implications of the local control of thyroid hormone action","volume":"116","author":"Bianco","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0019","article-title":"Cellular and molecular basis of deiodinase-regulated thyroid hormone signaling","volume":"29","author":"Gereben","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr 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