{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:17:31Z","timestamp":1783358251329,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutrient interactions in multi-ingredient supplements may influence micronutrient absorption and bioavailability, yet pharmacokinetic data exploring these interactions remains generally limited. This clinical trial assessed the acute absorption phase of key micronutrients in AG1, a comprehensive nutritional supplement containing vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and phytochemicals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial 16 healthy adults (8 males and 8 females) consumed a single serving (13\u202fg) of AG1 or a taste- and appearance-matched placebo mixed in water, following a 10-h overnight fast. Each condition was separated by a 1-week washout period. Blood samples were collected 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 480\u202fmin post-ingestion. Plasma concentrations of folate, calcium, zinc, vitamin C, biotin, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamine, and hesperidin were measured. The absorption phase was generally characterized using area under the curve (AUC\n                      <jats:sub>0-480 min<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), C\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and T\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. Statistical analysis included repeated-measures ANOVA and paired t-tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AG1 significantly increased AUC\n                      <jats:sub>0-480 min<\/jats:sub>\n                      values (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) for all measured nutrients except pyridoxine which revealed a weak trend (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.1205). Both AG1 and placebo were well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute consumption of AG1 resulted in measurable increases in circulating levels of most of the tested micronutrients, indicating effective absorption. These findings suggest that AG1 may influence nutrient status in healthy adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>Clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier NCT06316700.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1793264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T16:49:58Z","timestamp":1783356598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Absorption kinetics of vitamins and minerals from a novel nutritional product in physically active adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Sapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, AG1","place":["Carson City, NV, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park","place":["PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy R.","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, AG1","place":["Carson City, NV, United States"]},{"name":"Health and Human Performance, Concordia University Chicago","place":["River Forest, IL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor O.","family":"Kirby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, AG1","place":["Carson City, NV, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlyn G.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, AG1","place":["Carson City, NV, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"La Monica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Applied Health Sciences","place":["Canfield, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim N.","family":"Ziegenfuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Applied Health Sciences","place":["Canfield, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Vergne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University","place":["Nashville, TN, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lipscomb University","place":["Nashville, TN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendell S.","family":"Akers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University","place":["Nashville, TN, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lipscomb University","place":["Nashville, TN, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine","place":["Nashville, TN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, AG1","place":["Carson City, NV, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, New York University-Steinhardt","place":["New York, NY, United 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