{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:20:00Z","timestamp":1790688000345,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Vitamin D\u2013mediated regulation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an important focus in innate immunology and is aimed at elucidating the role of vitamin D in enhancing antimicrobial defense. AMPs are short protein chains that serve as a first line of defense against invading pathogens, including fungi, bacteria and viruses. Unlike conventional antibiotics, AMPs are produced endogenously and are less likely to induce antimicrobial resistance, making them promising candidates for treating infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens. Studies indicate that optimal vitamin D levels are essential for activating antimicrobial pathways and regulating AMPs that target multiple fungal pathogens. This article summarizes recent findings on vitamin D-induced AMPs in the context of invasive fungal infections. It also distinguishes vitamin D as a host immune modulator from vitamin D3 as a putative active antifungal compound, given that direct antifungal use is limited by supraphysiologic dosing requirements, pharmacologic impracticality, and risks of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, especially in patients with granulomatous diseases. Model limitations and species differences are also discussed, including primate-specific CAMP vitamin D response element regulation, which constrains direct translation of rodent vitamin D-to-LL-37 findings to human fungal disease. Current global fungal priority frameworks and resistance surveillance support emphasizing\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in this review of invasive fungal disease and translational host-defense evidence, underscoring the relevance of these pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1807743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:42:08Z","timestamp":1780551728000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vitamin D\u2013AMP axis in host defense against fungal infections"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nuraly S.","family":"Akimbekov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Islamic Science and Innovation, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University","place":["Almaty, Kazakhstan"]},{"name":"Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University","place":["Turkistan, Kazakhstan"]},{"name":"Scientific-Practical Center, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University","place":["Aktobe, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Digel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering, Aachen University of Applied Sciences","place":["J\u00fclich, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana K.","family":"Sakhanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific-Practical Center, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University","place":["Aktobe, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuanysh T.","family":"Tastambek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Islamic Science and Innovation, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University","place":["Almaty, Kazakhstan"]},{"name":"Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University","place":["Turkistan, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinara K.","family":"Sherelkhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Islamic Science and Innovation, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University","place":["Almaty, Kazakhstan"]},{"name":"Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University","place":["Turkistan, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Razzaque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV)","place":["Edinburg, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP)","place":["Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227837","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1227837","article-title":"Editorial: synergistic therapy for invasive fungal infection","volume":"13","author":"Menghani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041063","article-title":"Antifungal drug resistance: an emergent health threat","volume":"11","author":"Vitiello","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057","article-title":"Global and multi-national prevalence of fungal 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