{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:46:44Z","timestamp":1776919604626,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutritional and therapeutic methods are used to enhance bone health and assist in fracture healing while improving functional ability and reducing inflammation and bettering surgical results. The overall effectiveness of these methods for multiple applications remains unknown. This meta-analysis assessed the impact of various treatments on patients with orthopedic and musculoskeletal disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The systematic review examined 95 studies which were organized into seven distinct outcome domains. The study used random-effects meta-analysis with inverse variance weighting to determine standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The study used the Jadad scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias and GRADE criteria to evaluate study quality while the researchers used funnel plots and Egger\u2019s test to assess publication bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Interventions significantly improved BMD (SMD\u202f=\u202f0.47; 95% CI: 0.31\u20130.62;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f79%), bone turnover markers (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.69; 95% CI: \u22121.17 to \u22120.20;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.004; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f99%), inflammation\/oxidative stress markers (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22121.34; 95% CI: \u22121.45 to \u22121.23;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0%), and postoperative recovery\/metabolic outcomes (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22122.04; 95% CI: \u22122.31 to \u22121.77;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f86%). No significant effects were observed for fracture healing (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.43; 95% CI: \u22120.96-0.10), functional\/muscle outcomes (SMD\u202f=\u202f0.37; 95% CI: \u22120.06-0.80), or miscellaneous outcomes (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.40; 95% CI: \u22120.96-0.16).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study results demonstrate that nutritional and therapeutic treatments lead to better bone density results together with improved biochemical markers and reduced inflammation and faster recovery after surgery. Heterogeneity and risk of bias underline the need for further high-quality randomized trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1808314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:22:00Z","timestamp":1776918120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of macro- and micronutrient intake on bone mineral density, osteoporotic fracture risk, inflammation, and functional rehabilitation outcomes in orthopedic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University","place":["Chenzhou, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Xiangnan University","place":["Chenzhou, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Runzhe","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University","place":["Chenzhou, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17040606","article-title":"Limb Osseointegration\u2014how important is the role of nutrition in the process?","volume":"17","author":"Wnuk-Scardaccione","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89282","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.89282","article-title":"Post-stroke bone fragility: early bone loss, risk factors, and recovery considerations","volume":"17","author":"Osman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111773","article-title":"Nutrition, vitamin D, and calcium in elderly patients before and after a hip fracture and their impact on the musculoskeletal system: a narrative review","volume":"16","author":"Cianferotti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14030523","article-title":"The role of macronutrients, micronutrients and flavonoid polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"14","author":"Martiniakova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4386","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204386","article-title":"The influences of macronutrients on bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, and fracture risk in elderly people: a review of human studies","volume":"15","author":"Je","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576976","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1576976","article-title":"Nutritional alterations, adverse consequences, and comprehensive assessment in spinal cord injury: a review","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Integration of Nutritional Support in Orthopedics: Dietary and nutritional Aspects of Surgical Patients","author":"Briguglio","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"16","article-title":"Does nutrition impact hip fragility fracture risk and outcomes? 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