{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:20:18Z","timestamp":1787656818799,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Micronutrients, dietary phytochemicals, and lipid metabolism influence mammary gland growth, lactation efficiency, and breast cancer incidence. The present retrospective investigation evaluated these aspects using clinical, dietary, and biochemical data from women with established lactation and breast cancer outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective analysis involved 800 women found through hospital electronic medical data. Dietary consumption of micronutrients and phytochemicals was evaluated via food frequency questionnaires and dietary recalls. Lipid metabolism was assessed via serum lipid parameters and fatty acid indicators. Outcomes involved mammary gland growth markers, lactation history and efficiency, mammographic density, breast cancer risk, and tumor features. Multivariable regression analysis corrected for demographic, reproductive, lifestyle, and clinical variables were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency was noted in 48.5% of subjects and was related with higher breast cancer incidence (adjusted OR\u202f=\u202f1.68; 95% CI: 1.21\u20132.33). Breast cancer instances had decreased intakes of vitamin D, folate, selenium, zinc, and vitamin A compared with controls. Increased dietary phytochemical index (DPI) was linked with reduced breast cancer incidence (adjusted OR\u202f=\u202f0.48; 95% CI: 0.32\u20130.71). Dyslipidemia was observed in 60.8% of individuals and was linked with elevated tumor grade and advanced stage. Extended periods of exclusive breastfeeding have been linked to a lower incidence of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Micronutrient consumption, dietary phytochemical concentrations, lipid metabolism indicators, and lactation history show substantial relation with breast cancer probability, mammographic density, and tumor features in this population highlighting the importance of nutritional and metabolic markers in breast health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1811082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T15:37:26Z","timestamp":1777995446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of micronutrients, phytochemicals, and lipid metabolism in mammary gland development, lactation efficiency, and breast cancer risk"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, Aviation General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangzhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoyi","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanghua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunpeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xulong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Medicine, The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4287","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13174287","article-title":"Breast cancer-epidemiology, risk factors, classification, prognostic markers, and current treatment strategies-an updated review","volume":"13","author":"\u0141ukasiewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14102569","article-title":"Breast cancer\u2014epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis and treatment (review of literature)","volume":"14","author":"Smolarz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3613","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123613","article-title":"Micronutrients and breast cancer progression: a systematic 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