{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:55:27Z","timestamp":1790603727251,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dietary strategies play a pivotal role in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. Animal studies have shown that Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT), a popular post-fermented tea, enhances cardiometabolic health by modulating the gut microbiota; however, there is no definitive evidence from human trials. This 12-week randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of FBT on the lipid profile, vascular function, and gut microbiota in healthy adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This 12-week, open-label, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted in a rural community in northern China from September to November 2021. After giving informed consent, 120 healthy adults recruited were randomly assigned to either a group consuming two daily glasses of brewed FBT infusion (totaling 12\u202fg\/day) or a group consuming an equivalent amount of water. Serum lipid levels and vascular function, as indicated by flow-mediated dilation and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation, were measured at baseline (0\u202fweeks) and 12\u202fweeks after intervention. Fecal samples collected at baseline, 6\u202fweeks, and 12\u202fweeks underwent profiling of microbiota composition by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. This trial was completed and registered at\n                      <jats:uri>chictr.org.cn<\/jats:uri>\n                      (registration number ChiCTR2100047294).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to water, consumption of FBT resulted in significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, with improved vascular function (the co-primary outcomes). The longitudinal metagenomic analysis detected no significant alterations in richness and distribution (alpha diversity). However, a subtle but statistically detectable shift in the gut microbiota composition (beta diversity) was observed. Exploratory species-level analyses suggested increases in bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, such as\n                      <jats:italic>Roseburia hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Eubacterium saphenum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Eubacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. AF15 50,\n                      <jats:italic>Alistipes dispar<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Blautia stercoris<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which were correlated with the lipid profile or vascular function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Daily consumption of FBT demonstrated beneficial effects on lipid levels and vascular function in healthy adults, and was associated with exploratory shifts in gut microbiota composition, supporting FBT consumption is a simple, affordable, and practical dietary strategy for improving cardiometabolic health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier ChiCTR2100047294.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1827773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:01:00Z","timestamp":1790600460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Daily consumption of Fuzhuan brick tea improves lipid profile and vascular function associated with modulation in gut microbiota composition in healthy adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fuqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of 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Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chune","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fu Tea Processing and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","place":["Xianyang, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fu Tea Processing and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","place":["Xianyang, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junkui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Atherosclerosis, Research Office of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Xi\u2019an, 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