{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T05:08:07Z","timestamp":1784092087034,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify clinically distinct host phenotype subgroups based on inflammation\u2013nutrition\u2013coagulation biomarkers in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It also evaluated their association with conventional Tumor\u2013Node\u2013Metastasis (TNM) staging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1,644 patients with advanced NSCLC were retrospectively included. Twenty-two baseline laboratory indicators spanning inflammation, nutrition, and coagulation were collected. After data cleaning and Z-score standardization, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for dimensionality reduction. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the elbow method, silhouette coefficient, and Calinski\u2013Harabasz index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Kaiser\u2013Meyer\u2013Olkin value was 0.631, and Bartlett\u2019s test of sphericity was significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), confirming data suitability for PCA. Nine principal components were extracted, explaining 80.18% of the cumulative variance. K-means clustering identified three phenotype subgroups. Subgroup 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f113, 6.87%) showed high-risk pattern characterized by severe inflammation, poor nutritional status, and hypercoagulability. Subgroup 3 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f521, 31.69%) represented a favorable phenotype with low inflammation, adequate nutrition, and low coagulation activity. Subgroup 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f1,010, 61.44%) showed intermediate characteristics. This classification was not associated with TNM staging (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.578).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCA combined with K-means clustering identified three distinct host phenotype subgroups along the inflammation\u2013nutrition\u2013coagulation axis in advanced NSCLC. These subgroups were independent of TNM staging and provide a new framework for individualized risk stratification and clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1839434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:47:54Z","timestamp":1784090874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical phenotype identification based on inflammation\u2013nutrition\u2013coagulation biomarkers in advanced non-small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Linyi People\u2019s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Linyi, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Record Management, Linyi People\u2019s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Linyi, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Linyi People\u2019s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Linyi, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacun.2023.12.003","article-title":"A review on non-small cell lung 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