{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:20:14Z","timestamp":1788448814662,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The dietary pro-inflammatory burden observed among patients receiving medical nutritional therapies for glycogen storage disease (GSD) and its association with cellular redox balance have not been sufficiently elucidated in the literature. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association of the dietary inflammatory potential (Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index, c-DII) with systemic thiol\/disulfide homeostasis and selected disease-specific clinical markers in pediatric patients with GSDI and GSDIII.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study included 16 pediatric patients with GSD (GSDI,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8; GSDIII,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8) and 15 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. The inflammatory potential of the diet was calculated using 22 parameters obtained from 3-day retrospective dietary intake records and energy-standardized (1,000 kcal) c-DII. Serum dynamic thiol\/disulfide homeostasis parameters were analyzed using a spectrophotometric method, and associations between c-DII scores and biochemical parameters were evaluated using correlation analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean c-DII score in the GSD cohort was positive, indicating an overall pro-inflammatory potential of the observed dietary intake. In biochemical analyses, while native and total thiol levels in the GSD group were statistically significantly lower than in healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05), the disulfide\/native thiol and disulfide\/total thiol ratios, indicating a cellular pro-oxidant shift, were significantly increased (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). Elevated c-DII scores were found to be significantly associated with high disulfide levels and disulfide-based ratios. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were found between the c-DII score and subtype-specific clinical markers of damage (uric acid in GSDI, creatine kinase in GSDIII).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical nutritional therapies, which are of vital importance in the management of GSD, may paradoxically be associated with a pro-inflammatory dietary burden and systemic antioxidant depletion. These preliminary findings suggest that integrating the energy-adjusted c-DII into clinical monitoring may offer an innovative strategy for assessing diet-related cellular stress in pediatric GSD. However, its definitive clinical utility requires confirmation in larger prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1863028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:41:48Z","timestamp":1788273708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of the children's dietary inflammatory index (c-DII) with thiol\/disulfide homeostasis in pediatric glycogen storage disease: a cross-sectional exploratory study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Burcu","family":"Kumru Akin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Diet, Gaziantep Cengiz G\u00f6k\u00e7ek Maternity and Children's Hospital","place":["Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emine","family":"Goksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Gaziantep Cengiz G\u00f6k\u00e7ek Maternity and Children's Hospital","place":["Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine","place":["Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakim","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University","place":["\u015eanl\u0131urfa, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2014.128","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of glycogen storage disease type I: a practice guideline of the American college of medical genetics and genomics","volume":"16","author":"Kishnani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genet Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-016-9932-2","article-title":"Glycogen storage disease type III: diagnosis, genotype, management, clinical course and outcome","volume":"39","author":"Sentner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14091096","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in glycogen storage disorders (GSDs)","volume":"14","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-014-9756-x","article-title":"Dietary management in glycogen storage disease type III: what is the evidence?","volume":"38","author":"Derks","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis."},{"key":"B5","first-page":"240","article-title":"Investigation and management of the hepatic glycogen storage diseases","volume":"4","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3181e655b6","article-title":"Glycogen storage disease type III diagnosis and management guidelines","volume":"12","author":"Kishnani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genet Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.51536\/tusbad.1133247","article-title":"Dietary inflammatory index, inflammation and nutrition","volume":"5","author":"Amanpour","year":"2022","journal-title":"T\u00dcSBAD."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894966","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.894966","article-title":"Association between the children's dietary inflammatory index (C-DII) and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress among children and adolescents: NHANES 2015\u20132018","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10080993","article-title":"Design, development and construct validation of the children's dietary inflammatory index","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1734911","article-title":"Dietary inflammatory potential, cardiometabolic risk and inflammation in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"61","author":"Suhett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013002115","article-title":"Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary inflammatory index","volume":"17","author":"Shivappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-009-1242-5","article-title":"Total oxidant-scavenging capacities of plasma from glycogen storage disease type Ia patients as measured by cyclic voltammetry, FRAP and luminescence techniques","volume":"32","author":"Koren","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02679999","article-title":"Radical trapping in glycogen storage disease 1a","volume":"161","author":"Wittenstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2014.09.026","article-title":"A novel and automated assay for thiol\/disulphide homeostasis","volume":"47","author":"Erel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Biochem."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2003-64","article-title":"Thiol-disulfide homeostasis: an integrated approach with biochemical and clinical aspects","volume":"50","author":"Erel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy071","article-title":"Perspective: the dietary inflammatory index (DII) - lessons learned, improvements made, and future directions","volume":"10","author":"H\u00e9bert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Nutr."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0259629","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259629","article-title":"A new mathematical approach to improve the original dietary inflammatory index (DII) calculation","volume":"16","author":"Pawlow","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008","article-title":"A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status","volume":"38","author":"Erel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Biochem."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-018-9460-5","article-title":"Bone health in patients with inborn errors of metabolism","volume":"19","author":"Langeveld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600707","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201600707","article-title":"Association between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory markers in the HELENA study","volume":"61","author":"Shivappa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600649","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201600649","article-title":"Inflammatory potential of the diet and mortality in the Spanish cohort of the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC-Spain)","volume":"61","author":"Agudo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2017.161117","article-title":"Clinical utility of thiol\/disulfide homeostasis","volume":"63","author":"Erenler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Lab."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2010.38","article-title":"Oxidative stress mediates nephropathy in type Ia glycogen storage disease","volume":"90","author":"Yiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Investig."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579981","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.579981","article-title":"Metabolic profiling in human fibroblasts enables subtype clustering in glycogen storage disease","volume":"11","author":"Hannibal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-502435","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil dysfunction in glycogen storage disease type Ib","volume":"123","author":"Jun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14080893","article-title":"The autophagic activator GHF-201 can alleviate pathology in a mouse model and in patient fibroblasts of type III glycogenosis","volume":"14","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2021.06.663","article-title":"Oxidative stress in intoxication type inborn errors of metabolism using thiol-disulfide ratio","volume":"31","author":"Cam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak."},{"key":"B28","unstructured":"Glikojen Depo Hastalarinda Oksidatif Stresin G\u00f6stergesi Olan Dinamik Tiyol\/Dis\u00fclfit Homeostazinin Degerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Dynamic Thiol\/Disulfide Homeostasis as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Glycogen Storage Disease]\n          \n          \n            \n              Bakhtiyarzada\n              J\n            \n          \n          \n          2019"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-016-9898-7","article-title":"Evaluation of dynamic thiol\/disulphide homeostasis as a novel indicator of oxidative stress in maple syrup urine disease patients under treatment","volume":"32","author":"Zubarioglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)00863-8","article-title":"Plasma antioxidants in pediatric patients with glycogen storage disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia","volume":"33","author":"Wittenstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030414","article-title":"Common and novel markers for measuring inflammation and oxidative stress ex vivo in research and clinical practice\u2014 which to use regarding disease outcomes?","volume":"10","author":"Menzel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutos.2025.04.002","article-title":"Scientific basis of dietary inflammatory index (DII): a dietary tool to metabolic syndrome risk","volume":"61","author":"Zeb","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Nutr Open Sci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17183010","article-title":"Dietary inflammatory index and nutritional status in children with inborn errors of metabolism on protein-restricted diets","volume":"17","author":"Akta\u015f","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2016.1165182","article-title":"Dietary protein oxidation: a silent threat to human health?","volume":"57","author":"Est\u00e9vez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.309128","article-title":"Uric acid is associated with inflammatory biomarkers and induces inflammation via activating the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in hepG2 cells","volume":"37","author":"Spiga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2021-0280","article-title":"Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII), cardiometabolic risk, and inflammation in adolescents: a cross-sectional study","volume":"35","author":"\u00c7agiran Yilmaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.33076\/2024.BDD.1829","article-title":"Evaluation of postprandial effects of mediterranean diet and western diet meal models on thiol-disulfide homeostasis","volume":"52","author":"Bulmu\u015f T\u00fcccar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bes Diy Derg."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E159","DOI":"10.24546\/81012569","article-title":"The effect of anti-inflammatory diet and vitamin d supplementation on the amelioration of the clinical status and cognitive functions of familial mediterranean fever patients","volume":"66","author":"Kazem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kobe J Med Sci."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2014.11.007","article-title":"Randomization to plant-based dietary approaches leads to larger short-term improvements in dietary inflammatory index scores and macronutrient intake compared with diets that contain meat","volume":"35","author":"Turner-McGrievy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1863028\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:46:02Z","timestamp":1788446762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1863028\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2026.1863028"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1863028","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"article-number":"1863028"}}