{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:04:05Z","timestamp":1790971445953,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Saccharomyces boulardii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is currently the only probiotic yeast with established clinical validation for use in both humans and livestock. It exhibits unique advantages that are difficult to achieve with conventional probiotics, including resistance to gastric acid and antibiotics, as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Moreover, through the secretion of bioactive metabolites,\n                    <jats:italic>S. boulardii<\/jats:italic>\n                    can improve food quality and contribute to the management of digestive disorders. Consequently, it has gained increasing attention in functional ingredients (FI), fermented foods (FF), and foods for special medical purposes (FSMP). This review involves reviewing and screening relevant scientific literature to conduct a critical bibliometric analysis. This review provides a systematic review of the physiological characteristics, mechanisms of action, applications in food systems, application scope, and clinically validated health benefits of\n                    <jats:italic>S. boulardii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These benefits include modulation of the gut microbiota, enhancement of immune function, and alleviation of symptoms associated with gastrointestinal disorders. The review also covers advances in genetic engineering approaches aimed at enhancing its probiotic functions, as well as the technical, regulatory, and safety limitations associated with its application in food products. Finally, in light of current bottlenecks associated with its industrial application, future research directions are proposed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1864466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:58:19Z","timestamp":1783490299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Saccharomyces boulardii as a probiotic yeast in food applications and its health properties: a review and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zijie","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Henan University","place":["Kaifeng, China"]},{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]},{"name":"The School of Food Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]},{"name":"School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]},{"name":"College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Henan University","place":["Kaifeng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lishui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan","place":["Luohe, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.12.017","article-title":"Integration of 168,000 samples reveals global patterns of the human gut microbiome","volume":"188","author":"Abdill","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01068-4","article-title":"The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease","volume":"22","author":"Ross","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microb.2025.100497","article-title":"The role of probiotics in personalized therapeutics: advances in gut microbe-driven interventions","volume":"8","author":"Abdul Manan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbe"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)00050-3","article-title":"Review of probiotics available to modify gastrointestinal flora","volume":"12","author":"Gismondo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Ag"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Advances in Probiotics for Health and Nutrition","author":"Shih","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afres.2025.101193","article-title":"Probiotics and their applications in functional foods: a health perspective","volume":"5","author":"Amin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl Food Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-16015-8.00005-8","volume-title":"Craft beer","author":"Capece","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-8320(10)70024-5","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii modulates dendritic cell properties and intestinal microbiota disruption after antibiotic treatment","volume":"34","author":"Collignon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2024.102462","article-title":"Enhancing growth performance, antioxidant defense, immunity response, and resistance against heat stress in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed Saccharomyces boulardii and\/or Bifidobacterium bifidum","volume":"39","author":"Mashhadizadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aquacult Rep"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2023.105458","article-title":"Surface display of pancreatic lipase inhibitor peptides by engineered Saccharomyces boulardii: potential as an anti-obesity probiotic","volume":"102","author":"Nayebhashemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2021.12.009","article-title":"Fortifying foods with synbiotic and postbiotic preparations of the probiotic yeast, Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"43","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Food Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-07-2019-0564","article-title":"Organic and conventional apple fermented by Saccharomyces boulardii \u2013 the effect of the antioxidant quercetin on cellular oxidative stress","volume":"123","author":"Silva Farinazzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br Food J"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.10.082","article-title":"Probiotic alcohol-free beer made with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii","volume":"100","author":"Senkarcinova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2021.110693","article-title":"In vitro bioactivities of coffee brews fermented with the probiotics Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM-I745","volume":"149","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8100468","article-title":"Physicochemical and microbiological properties of synbiotic yogurt made with probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with inulin","volume":"8","author":"Sarwar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.139839","article-title":"Metabolomics analysis of potential functional metabolites in synbiotic ice cream made with probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-745 and prebiotic inulin","volume":"454","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fufo.2024.100373","article-title":"Fermentation of barley wort with Saccharomyces boulardii to generate a beverage with probiotic potential","volume":"9","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Nava","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Foods"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.102799","article-title":"Next-generation food packaging: edible bioactive films with alginate, mangaba pulp (Hancornia speciosa), and Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"54","author":"Oliveira Filho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125660","article-title":"An edible coating utilizing malva sylvestris seed polysaccharide mucilage and postbiotic from Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii for the preservation of lamb meat","volume":"246","author":"Abbasi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2021.113411","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii ameliorates gut dysbiosis associated cognitive decline","volume":"236","author":"Roy Sarkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90280-P","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin a binding and enterotoxicity in rat ileum","volume":"104","author":"Pothoulakis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112738","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii (CNCM I-745) alleviates collagen-induced arthritis by partially maintaining intestinal mucosal integrity through tlr2\/myd88\/nf-\u03bab pathway inhibition","volume":"139","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020441","article-title":"Comparison of the effects between tannins extracted from different natural plants on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal flora of broiler chickens","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01592-7","article-title":"Experimental effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on diarrheal pathogens","volume":"4","author":"Czerucka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2021.110842","article-title":"Consumer\u2019s acceptability and health consciousness of probiotic and prebiotic of non-dairy products","volume":"151","author":"Cosme","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2025.108663","article-title":"Genetic engineering of Saccharomyces boulardii: tools, strategies and advances for enhanced probiotic and therapeutic applications","volume":"84","author":"Carvalho","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biotechnol Adv"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2013.11.006","article-title":"The establishment of Saccharomyces boulardii surface display system using a single expression vector","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2025.02.003","article-title":"Efficient surface display of single-chain variable fragments against tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 on engineered probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii and its application in alleviating intestinal inflammation in vivo","volume":"86","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"New Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2024.127928","article-title":"From probiotic chassis to modification strategies, control and improvement of genetically engineered probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"289","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"134","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2015.07.042","article-title":"Yeasts in foods and beverages: in vitro characterisation of probiotic traits","volume":"64","author":"Gil-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.110340","article-title":"Comparison of functional characteristics of distinct Saccharomyces boulardii strains isolated from commercial food supplements","volume":"136","author":"Goktas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.3.1066-1076.2000","article-title":"Prevention of yeast spoilage in feed and food by the yeast mycocin hmk","volume":"66","author":"Lowes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90030-9","article-title":"Effect of oral Saccharomyces boulardii treatment on the activity of clostridium difficile toxins in mouse digestive tract","volume":"30","author":"Corthier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon Off J Int Soc Toxinol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2022.101499","article-title":"The impact of Saccharomyces boulardii adjuvant supplementation on alternation of gut microbiota after H. pylori eradication; a metagenomics analysis","volume":"26","author":"Keikha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.302-307.1999","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits the effects of clostridium difficile toxins a and b in human colonic mucosa","volume":"67","author":"Castagliuolo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026689628136","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on camp- and ca2+ \u2212dependent cl- secretion in t84 cells","volume":"44","author":"Czerucka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Digest Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9030324","article-title":"Purification of bioactive peptide with antimicrobial properties produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"9","author":"Al-sahlany","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.15421\/022021","article-title":"Simultaneous and sequential influence of metabolite complexes of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotics against poly-resistant gram-negative bacteria","volume":"11","author":"Isayenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Regul Mech Biosyst"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14798","article-title":"Tight junction proteins occludin and zo-1 as regulators of epithelial proliferation and survival","volume":"1514","author":"Kuo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-010-0131-2","article-title":"Intestinal goblet cells and mucins in health and disease: recent insights and progress","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2018.08.005","article-title":"Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii in dss-induced colitis in mice: impact on micrornas expression and gut microbiota composition","volume":"61","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Nogales","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107372","article-title":"A Saccharomyces boulardii -derived antioxidant protein, thioredoxin, ameliorates intestinal inflammation through transactivating epidermal growth factor receptor","volume":"208","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02845","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 on intestinal ultrastructure modulation and mucosal immunity development mechanism in broiler chickens","volume":"92","author":"Rajput","year":"2013","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2025.10.012","article-title":"Precision therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease using engineered probiotics: strategies and optimization","volume":"207","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153351","article-title":"Characterization of the probiotic yeast saccharomyces boulardii in the healthy mucosal immune system","volume":"11","author":"Hudson","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00506-5","article-title":"Publisher correction: publisher correction: the international scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics","volume":"18","author":"Collignon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00506-5","article-title":"Publisher correction: publisher correction: the international scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics","volume":"18","author":"Salminen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-022-10030-w","article-title":"Anticancer properties of Saccharomyces boulardii metabolite against colon cancer cells","volume":"16","author":"Pakbin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13182866","article-title":"Novel insights in the application of probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in dairy products and health promotion","volume":"13","author":"Tomicic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A948","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)83862-6","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin a and b-induced effects in human colonic mucosa","volume":"114","author":"Castagliuolo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13213405","article-title":"Elucidating bile acid tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: effects on sterol biosynthesis and transport protein expression","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13026","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40207-4","article-title":"Evaluation of nutritional and physicochemical characteristics of soy yogurt by Lactobacillus plantarum KU985432 and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCMI-745","volume":"13","author":"Mehaya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.15673\/fst.v16i1.2290","article-title":"Potential of using saccharomyces boulardii to produce fermented milk products","volume":"16","author":"Khablenko","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Food Sci Technol-U"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.107719","article-title":"Microencapsulation of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCMI-745 in coffee mucilage and\/or inulin as wall material by spray-drying","volume":"73","author":"Boh\u00f3rquez Le\u00f3n","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.04.093","article-title":"Effect of whey protein agglomeration on spray dried microcapsules containing Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"141","author":"Duongthingoc","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02858-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02858-17","article-title":"A mutation in PGM2 causing inefficient galactose metabolism in the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"84","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.109658","article-title":"Effects of fermentation with probiotics on anti-nutritional factors and proximate composition of lupin (Lupinus mutabilis sweet)","volume":"130","author":"Romero-Espinoza","year":"2020","journal-title":"LWT-Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2022.9250219","article-title":"The metabolic profiling of Chinese yam fermented by Saccharomyces boulardii and the biological activities of its ethanol extract in vitro","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Sci Human Wellness"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.110340","article-title":"Comparison of functional characteristics of distinct Saccharomyces boulardii strains isolated from commercial food supplements","volume":"136","author":"Goktas","year":"2021","journal-title":"LWT-Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.70317","article-title":"Ligand-specific tuning of clec10a signalling strength and dendritic cell responses through engagement of different galnac-containing glycan structures","volume":"293","author":"Meijs","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafr.2023.100957","article-title":"Impact of solid-state fermentation utilizing Saccharomyces boulardii on the chemical composition and bioactive constituents of rice husk","volume":"15","author":"Mirsalami","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Agr Food Res"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2023.100721","article-title":"Methods of determining irritable bowel syndrome and efficiency of probiotics in treatment: a review","volume":"99","author":"Ahlawat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Ther Res Clin Exp"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.116869","article-title":"Postbiotics versus probiotics: possible new allies for human health","volume":"217","author":"Calvanese","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.106766","article-title":"Postbiotic bread with neurotransmitter \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by supplementation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum H64 fermentate of spent probiotic brewer's yeast Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"68","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16050702","article-title":"Heat-killed Saccharomyces boulardii alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis by restoring the intestinal barrier, reducing inflammation, and modulating the gut microbiota","volume":"16","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107372","article-title":"A Saccharomyces boulardii -derived antioxidant protein, thioredoxin, ameliorates intestinal inflammation through transactivating epidermal growth factor receptor","volume":"208","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-22300-6.00008-5","volume-title":"Molecular medicine and Biomedical Research in the era of Precision medicine","author":"Arora","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-020-02866-7","article-title":"Spent brewer\u2019s yeast as a source of high added value molecules: a systematic review on its characteristics, processing and potential applications","volume":"36","author":"Marson","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8100468","article-title":"Physicochemical and microbiological properties of synbiotic yogurt made with probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with inulin","volume":"8","author":"Sarwar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.12111","article-title":"Potential application of Saccharomyces boulardii as a probiotic in goat's yoghurt: survival and organoleptic effects","volume":"48","author":"Karaolis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Tech"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.110910","article-title":"Characterization of synbiotic ice cream made with probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in combination with inulin","volume":"141","author":"Sarwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2023.103311","article-title":"Improvement of soybean meal quality by one-step fermentation with mixed-culture based on protease activity","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.10.081","article-title":"Nutritional and pro-health quality of lentil and adzuki bean sprouts enriched with probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii","volume":"100","author":"Swieca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.112752","article-title":"Antioxidant properties and digestion behaviors of polysaccharides from Chinese yam fermented by Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"154","author":"Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-018-9467-y","article-title":"The use of probiotic-loaded single- and double-layered microcapsules in cake production","volume":"11","author":"Arslan-Tontul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2020.100668","article-title":"Thermo-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii coated cornflakes as a potential probiotic vehicle","volume":"36","author":"Singu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.15586\/qas.v17i3.1559","article-title":"Technological aspects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii applications in fermented alcoholic beverages: a review","volume":"17","author":"Pereira","year":"2025","journal-title":"Qual Assur Saf Crops Foods"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.12704","article-title":"The monitoring, via an in vitro digestion system, of the bioactive content of vegetable juice fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"40","author":"Degirmencioglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Food Process Preserv"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113081","article-title":"Green tea fermentation with Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299V","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46314","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46314","article-title":"Unique properties of yeast probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745: a narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Gopalan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-024-00424-3","article-title":"Effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in adult Indian patients with diarrhoea: a real-world, multicentre, retrospective, comparative study","volume":"11","author":"Pal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03854-3","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 as complementary treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection on gut microbiome","volume":"39","author":"Cardenas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2015.08.013","article-title":"A double-blinded randomized trial on growth and feeding tolerance with Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in formula-fed preterm infants","volume":"92","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104848","article-title":"Probiotic-incorporated active packaging solutions for meat and meat products: a review of benefits and recent applications","volume":"156","author":"Yaghoubi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i18.2188","article-title":"Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections","volume":"25","author":"Czerucka","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroentero"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2020.100766","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of EMR database to assess the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in children with acute diarrhoea during routine clinical practice","volume":"38","author":"Ragavan","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"ref88","first-page":"PI19","article-title":"Prophylactic Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a prospective study","volume":"12","author":"Can","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575605","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1575605","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii and Bifidobacterium co-treatment for antibiotic associated diarrhea in pediatrics: a multicenter efficacy and safety study","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.080","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii produces a soluble anti-inflammatory factor that inhibits nf-\u03bab-mediated il-8 gene expression","volume":"343","author":"Sougioultzis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.11.007","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of Saccharomyces cerevisiae versus placebo in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Pineton de Chambrun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106291","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast probiotic, inhibits gut motility through upregulating intestinal serotonin transporter and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"181","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idairyj.2025.106222","article-title":"Comparative analysis of non-fermented and Saccharomyces boulardii-fermented whey: peptidomic profiling, in silico bioactive peptide analysis, and in vivo evaluation of serum proteins and immune response","volume":"166","author":"Sumny","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Dairy J"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00780-23","article-title":"Microbiome engineering using probiotic yeast: Saccharomyces boulardii and the secreted human lysozyme lead to changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome of mice","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectrum"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13010020","article-title":"The role of probiotics in cancer prevention","volume":"13","author":"\u015ali\u017cewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.132939","article-title":"Determination of the effect of L. plantarum AB6-25, L. plantarum MK55 and S. Boulardii T8-3C microorganisms on colon, cervix, and breast cancer cell lines: molecular docking, and molecular dynamics study","volume":"1261","author":"Yal\u00e7\u0131nkaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Mol Struct"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120616","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii exerts renoprotection by modulating oxidative stress, renin angiotensin system and uropathogenic microbiota in a murine model of diabetes","volume":"301","author":"Abreu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2018.1449378","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis in the paediatric population: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Padayachee","year":"2018","journal-title":"South Afr J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.congress-2022.2604","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized adult patients with lower respiratory tract infections","volume":"60","author":"Milenkovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref100","first-page":"538","article-title":"Cytokine and clinical response to Saccharomyces boulardii therapy in diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized trial","volume":"144","author":"Islam","year":"2013","journal-title":"GE"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"152","article-title":"Prevention of traveler's diarrhea with Saccharomyces boulardii. Results of a placebo controlled double-blind study","volume":"111","author":"Kollaritsch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fortschr Med"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)91613-2","article-title":"Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea by Saccharomyces boulardii: a prospective study","volume":"96","author":"Surawicz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109951","article-title":"Non-Saccharomyces yeasts for beer production: insights into safety aspects and considerations","volume":"383","author":"Miguel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00414-2","article-title":"Complete genome sequence and comparative genomics of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"7","author":"Khatri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms5020028","article-title":"Regulatory and safety requirements for food cultures","volume":"5","author":"Laulund","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2010.07.003","article-title":"Qualified presumption of safety (QPS): a generic risk assessment approach for biological agents notified to the European food safety authority (EFSA)","volume":"21","author":"Leuschner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref107","first-page":"1","article-title":"Technical report of efsa prepared by assessment methodology unit on meta-analysis of dose-effect relationship of cadmium for benchmark dose evaluation","volume":"254","author":"Amzal","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.108613","article-title":"Regulation, production and clinical application of foods for special medical purposes (fsmps) in China and relevant application of food hydrocolloids in dysphagia therapy","volume":"140","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.902642","article-title":"Global regulatory frameworks for fermented foods: a review","volume":"9","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2025.101044","article-title":"Exploring the dark side of probiotics to pursue light: intrinsic and extrinsic risks to be opportunistic pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Res Food Sci"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2024.105179","article-title":"Perspectives of high-pressure technology in probiotic food production: a comprehensive review","volume":"62","author":"Rufino Vieira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2021.110567","article-title":"Current status of non-thermal processing of probiotic foods: a review","volume":"303","author":"Asaithambi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Food Eng"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.12.001","article-title":"Prevalence of probiotic use among inpatients: a descriptive study of 145 U.S. hospitals","volume":"44","author":"Yi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-023-02288-8","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii promoters for control of gene expression in vivo","volume":"23","author":"Sands","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb Cell Factories"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-823506-5.00011-4","volume-title":"Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0021825","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00218-25","article-title":"Artp mutagenesis for genome-wide identification of genes important for biofilm regulation in spoilage bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens pf08","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.61882\/ibj.5197","article-title":"Genetically engineered probiotics: design, therapeutics, and clinical translation","volume":"29","author":"Boogari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Iran Biomed J"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-026-02296-9","article-title":"Microbiota-driven mechanisms in multisystem diseases: integrative evidence across cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and autoimmune disorders","volume":"119","author":"Ansari","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anton Leeuw Int J G"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03442.x","article-title":"Yeast as probiotics - Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"26","author":"Czerucka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharm Ther"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5340","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.11.5340-5343.2003","article-title":"Outbreak of Saccharomyces cerevisiae subtype boulardii fungemia in patients neighboring those treated with a probiotic preparation of the organism","volume":"41","author":"Cassone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2010.11.001","article-title":"Corrigendum to \u201cqualified presumption of safety (QPS): a generic risk assessment approach for biological agents notified to the European food safety authority (EFSA)\u201d [trends in Food Science & Technology, 21 (2010) 425\u2013435]","volume":"22","author":"Leuschner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.141923","article-title":"Identification of potential key metabolites in synbiotic yoghurt made with probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-745 and prebiotic inulin by non-targeted metabolomics analysis","volume":"464","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.33785\/IJDS.2025.v78i02.001","article-title":"Storage related changes in pizza cheese as affected using S. Boulardii adjunct culture","volume":"78","author":"Bihola","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70238","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70238","article-title":"Impact of yeast types on quality characteristics and storage stability of industrial kefir","volume":"13","author":"Yerlikaya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.110910","article-title":"Characterization of synbiotic ice cream made with probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in combination with inulin","volume":"141","author":"Sarwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"LWT"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2023.103311","article-title":"Improvement of soybean meal quality by one-step fermentation with mixed-culture based on protease activity","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foohum.2025.100678","article-title":"Prebiotic potential of selected plants, fruits, vegetables and herbs \u2013 an in-vitro study","volume":"5","author":"Bhagwat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Hum"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2022.02.012","article-title":"UPLC-Q-TOF-MS based metabolomics and chemometric analyses for green tea fermented with Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299V","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Res Food Sci."},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03854-3","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 as complementary treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection on gut microbiome","volume":"39","author":"Cardenas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.106766","article-title":"Postbiotic bread with neurotransmitter \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by supplementation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum H64 fermentate of spent probiotic brewer's yeast","volume":"68","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2020.100668","article-title":"Thermo-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii coated cornflakes as a potential probiotic vehicle","volume":"36","author":"Singu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Biosci"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1587792","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 for the treatment of pediatric acute diarrhea in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"McFarland","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i18.2202","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients","volume":"16","author":"Mcfarland","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1864466\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:58:21Z","timestamp":1783490301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1864466\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"references-count":133,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2026.1864466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1864466","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"article-number":"1864466"}}