{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:30:44Z","timestamp":1786595444548,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia is sustained not only by age-related declines in muscle anabolism but also by reduced nutritional intake, anorexia, metabolic dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, neuromuscular deterioration, and physical inactivity. Accordingly, interventions that influence appetite, oral intake, nutrient handling, fatigue, metabolic resilience, and physical function may be relevant within multimodal sarcopenia care. Kampo medicine, a traditional Japanese system of standardized multi-component herbal formulations, may be positioned as a nutrition-relevant multi-target intervention; however, its clinical evidence base for sarcopenia remains heterogeneous and largely indirect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a narrative review of published clinical, translational, and mechanistic literature addressing sarcopenia, frailty, cachexia, nutrition-related muscle wasting, the gut\u2013muscle axis, systems pharmacology, and representative pharmaceutical-grade Kampo formulations. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception to May 2026 using prespecified combinations of disease-, mechanism-, and formula-specific terms, supplemented by an additional search for Juzentaihoto\/Juzen-taiho-to and related transliterations in response to peer review. Evidence was interpreted according to whether it directly evaluated sarcopenia outcomes or indirectly addressed nutrition-relevant domains such as appetite, fatigue, inflammation, mitochondrial function, physical activity, or neuromuscular symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia shares important pathophysiological features with frailty and cachexia, including chronic inflammation, impaired mitochondrial function, anabolic resistance, reduced food intake, fatigue, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Several Kampo formulations, including Ninjin\u2019yoeito, Rikkunshito, Hochuekkito, Juzentaihoto, Hachimijiogan, and Goshajinkigan, have been associated with biological or clinical domains potentially relevant to appetite regulation, oral intake, inflammatory balance, gut microbiota-related pathways, metabolic resilience, and functional support. Nevertheless, direct evidence using standardized sarcopenia criteria and validated endpoints remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kampo medicine is best regarded as a hypothesis-generating, nutrition-relevant complementary approach within multimodal sarcopenia care rather than as an established stand-alone therapy for muscle loss. Future studies should use standardized diagnostic criteria, prespecified sarcopenia endpoints, rigorous safety monitoring, and transparent reporting to determine whether selected Kampo formulations can improve clinically meaningful nutrition-related and muscle-related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1871481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:24:19Z","timestamp":1786595059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Kampo medicine as a nutrition-relevant multi-target intervention for sarcopenia: implications for appetite, mitochondrial function, and the frailty-sarcopenia-cachexia continuum"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Taneomi","family":"Kurokawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery I, National Defense Medical College","place":["Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kurokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation","place":["Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Epigenomics Research, Fukushima Medical University","place":["Fukushima, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-3258-72-45","article-title":"Sarcopenia: burden and challenges for public health","volume":"72","author":"Beaudart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2017","article-title":"Sarcopenia: aging-related loss of muscle mass and function","volume":"99","author":"Larsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","article-title":"Asian working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-018-1139-9","article-title":"International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia screening, diagnosis and management","volume":"22","author":"Dent","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169548","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169548","article-title":"Health outcomes of sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Beaudart","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3829","article-title":"Cancer cachexia: understanding the molecular basis","volume":"14","author":"Argiles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834017698643","article-title":"Cancer-induced muscle wasting: latest findings in prevention and treatment","volume":"9","author":"Aversa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12901","article-title":"Pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-014-0164-8","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and clinical impact of cachexia: facts and numbers-update 2014","volume":"5","author":"von Haehling","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00319-8","article-title":"The molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy","volume":"22","author":"Romanello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp097","article-title":"Higher inflammatory marker levels in older persons: associations with 5-year change in muscle mass and muscle strength","volume":"64","author":"Schaap","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.01018.x","article-title":"The role of systemic inflammation in age-related muscle weakness and wasting","volume":"20","author":"Degens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5618","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501559102","article-title":"Decline in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function with aging in humans","volume":"102","author":"Short","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194821","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/194821","article-title":"Skeletal muscle mitochondria and aging: a review","volume":"2012","author":"Peterson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Aging Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.07.005","article-title":"The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function: measurement and physiology of muscle fibre atrophy and muscle fibre loss in humans","volume":"47","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1622093","article-title":"Current pharmacotherapies for sarcopenia","volume":"20","author":"Hardee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-015-0022-5","article-title":"Pharmacologic options for the treatment of sarcopenia","volume":"98","author":"Morley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2019.11","article-title":"Development of pharmacotherapies for the treatment of sarcopenia","volume":"8","author":"Rooks","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12483","article-title":"Sarcopenia: a time for action. An SCWD position paper","volume":"10","author":"Bauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-020-01663-4","article-title":"Update on the ESCEO recommendation for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs aiming at the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults","volume":"33","author":"Reginster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513842","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/neq067","article-title":"Traditional Japanese Kampo medicine: clinical research between modernity and traditional medicine\u2014the state of research and methodological suggestions for the future","volume":"2011","author":"Watanabe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1002\/tkm2.1387","article-title":"Review of frequently used Kampo prescriptions: part 4, Ninjin'yoeito","volume":"10","author":"Takayama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tradit Kampo Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/tkm2.1414","article-title":"A review of frequently used Kampo prescriptions. Part 5. Rikkunshito","volume":"11","author":"Kainuma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tradit Kampo Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112230","article-title":"Best practice in research\u2014overcoming common challenges in phytopharmacological research","volume":"246","author":"Heinrich","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953205","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.953205","article-title":"Best practice in the chemical characterisation of extracts used in pharmacological and toxicological research-the ConPhyMP-guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Heinrich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-4964(17)60347-9","article-title":"Standards of reporting Kampo products (STORK) in research articles","volume":"15","author":"Motoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Integr Med"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"Standards of Reporting Kampo Products (STORK)","year":"2026"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.03.015","article-title":"Inflammation induced loss of skeletal muscle","volume":"80","author":"Londhe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afac220","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac220","article-title":"Sarcopenia definition, diagnosis and treatment: consensus is growing","volume":"51","author":"Sayer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afae052","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae052","article-title":"The conceptual definition of sarcopenia: Delphi consensus from the global leadership initiative in sarcopenia (GLIS)","volume":"53","author":"Kirk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034","article-title":"Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"39","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1273-z","article-title":"Physical frailty: ICFSR international clinical practice guidelines for identification and management","volume":"23","author":"Dent","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12202","article-title":"Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017","volume":"4","author":"Springer","year":"2017","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-00114-z","article-title":"Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities","volume":"20","author":"Atanasov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.118","article-title":"Network pharmacology: the next paradigm in drug discovery","volume":"4","author":"Hopkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.2174\/157489309789006915","article-title":"Network systems underlying traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and herb formula","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Bioinforma"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(13)60037-0","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology: theory, methodology and application","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Nat Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2017-0183","article-title":"The polypharmacology of natural products","volume":"10","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Future Med Chem"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160216153135","article-title":"Polypharmacology in drug discovery: a review from systems pharmacology perspective","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-023-00766-8","article-title":"Network pharmacology approaches for research of traditional herbal medicine","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.2174\/138945011793591626","article-title":"Complex interactions between phytochemicals. The multi-target therapeutic concept of phytotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Efferth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"TSUMURA Ninjin'yoeito Extract Granules for Ethical Use. Package insert","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"TSUMURA Rikkunshito Extract Granules for Ethical Use. Package insert","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"TSUMURA Hochuekkito Extract Granules for Ethical Use. Package insert","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref47","volume-title":"Kampo Formulations for Prescription 2024: Hachimijiogan. Information in Package Inserts of Prescription Kampo Formulations","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"TSUMURA Goshajinkigan Extract Granules for Ethical Use. Package insert","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2019.00014","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of Ninjin\u2019yoeito: a utilization study in elderly patients","volume":"6","author":"Suzuki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3233\/ADR-170026","article-title":"A possibility of simultaneous treatment with the multicomponent drug, Ninjin\u2019yoeito, for anorexia, apathy, and cognitive dysfunction in frail Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: an open-label pilot study","volume":"1","author":"Ohsawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3233\/ADR-220074","article-title":"Frailty improvement by multicomponent drug, Ninjin'Yoeito, in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: an open-label exploratory study (FRAMINGO)","volume":"7","author":"Okahara","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304217","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2024.1304217","article-title":"Relationship between the severity of pre-frailty and the degree of adaptation of Ninjin'yoeito (NYT) on pre-frailty","volume":"5","author":"Amitani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Aging"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S441767","article-title":"Effects of Ninjin'yoeito on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbid frailty and sarcopenia: a preliminary open-label randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Ohbayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381272-8.00021-0","article-title":"Rikkunshito as a ghrelin enhancer","volume":"514","author":"Takeda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2011.25","article-title":"Potentiation of ghrelin signaling attenuates cancer anorexia-cachexia and prolongs survival","volume":"1","author":"Fujitsuka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2147\/CEG.S26297","article-title":"Rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese medicine, suppresses cisplatin-induced anorexia in humans","volume":"4","author":"Ohno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12525","article-title":"Nutrition interventions to treat low muscle mass in cancer cachexia","volume":"11","author":"Prado","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2004.06.014","article-title":"A randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of Hochuekkito, a traditional herbal medicine, in the treatment of elderly patients with weakness: N of one and responder restricted design","volume":"12","author":"Satoh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2003.12.004","article-title":"Effect of a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, Hochu-ekki-to (Bu-Zhong-Yi-qi tang), on immunity in elderly persons","volume":"4","author":"Kuroiwa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02034.x","article-title":"Hochuekkito improves systemic inflammation and nutritional status in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"57","author":"Tatsumi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5236","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2018.6837","article-title":"Effects of Hochuekkito combined with pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"16","author":"Hamada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167934","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1167934","article-title":"Hachimijiogan, a traditional herbal medicine, modulates adipose cell function and ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice","volume":"14","author":"Kagawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357044490","article-title":"Protective effects of the Chinese prescription Hachimi-jio-Gan against diabetic oxidative stress","volume":"56","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418481","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nep200","article-title":"Efficacy of goshajinkigan for peripheral neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin in patients with advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer","volume":"2011","author":"Kono","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-010-0183-1","article-title":"The Kampo medicine, Goshajinkigan, prevents neuropathy in patients treated by FOLFOX regimen","volume":"16","author":"Nishioka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.08.009","article-title":"Goshajinkigan reduces oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy without affecting anti-tumour efficacy in rodents","volume":"48","author":"Ushio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b20-00555","article-title":"Juzentaihoto suppresses muscle atrophy and decreased motor function in SAMP8 mice","volume":"44","author":"Morita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b22-00039","article-title":"Juzentaihoto suppresses muscle atrophy in KKAy mice","volume":"45","author":"Ishida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9121303","article-title":"Aging gut microbiota at the cross-road between nutrition, physical frailty, and sarcopenia: is there a gut-muscle Axis?","volume":"9","author":"Ticinesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0345-5","article-title":"Gut microbiota contribute to age-related changes in skeletal muscle size, composition, and function: biological basis for a gut-muscle Axis","volume":"102","author":"Grosicki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10070929","article-title":"Dietary protein and muscle in aging people: the potential role of the gut microbiome","volume":"10","author":"Ni Lochlainn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00319","article-title":"The crosstalk between the gut microbiota and mitochondria during exercise","volume":"8","author":"Clark","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-020-01474-7","article-title":"Human gut microbiota\/microbiome in health and diseases: a review","volume":"113","author":"Gomaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513253","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1513253","article-title":"Gut microbiota in patients with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.08.004","article-title":"Distinct shifts in microbiota composition during Drosophila aging impair intestinal function and drive mortality","volume":"12","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.11.005","article-title":"Sarcopenia is associated with worse recovery of physical function and dysphagia and a lower rate of home discharge in Japanese hospitalized adults undergoing convalescent rehabilitation","volume":"61","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719197","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.719197","article-title":"Clinical risk factors of Licorice-induced Pseudoaldosteronism based on glycyrrhizin-metabolite concentrations: a narrative review","volume":"8","author":"Yoshino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0296450","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296450","article-title":"Analysis of clinical factors associated with Kampo formula-induced pseudoaldosteronism based on self-reported information from the Japanese adverse drug event report database","volume":"19","author":"Uneda","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1871481\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:24:21Z","timestamp":1786595061000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1871481\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnut.2026.1871481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2026.1871481","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"article-number":"1871481"}}