{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:17:28Z","timestamp":1789139848276,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to characterize how a 7-day complete water-only fast followed by structured refeeding was associated with changes in body weight, hydration-dependent bioelectrical-impedance estimates, physical test performance, cardiovascular indicators, and gut microbial ecology in adults with obesity and normal-weight controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy-two eligible volunteers formed prespecified BMI sampling strata (normal weight,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f36; obesity,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f36), from which 14 participants were randomly selected within each stratum before the intervention and before outcome collection (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f28). All selected participants completed a supervised 7-day water-only fast followed by a 7-day structured refeeding period. Physical indicators were assessed pre-fasting, post-fasting, and post-refeeding and analyzed using two-factor mixed-design repeated-measures models; gut microbiota (16S rRNA) was profiled pre- and post-fasting.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BMI-group-by-time interactions were significant for body weight and BMI (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.001) but not for BIA-derived fat mass, body-fat percentage, or muscle mass (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt;\u202f0.05). Dynamometer-recorded grip, knee-flexion, and knee-extension scores increased over time (all time-effect\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.001), but none showed a BMI-group-by-time interaction (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2265\u202f0.340). Gut microbial alpha diversity remained largely stable apart from an FDR-significant ACE-index reduction in the normal-weight group (\n                      <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.021); most taxonomic findings did not survive FDR correction, and beta-diversity analysis showed no community-level convergence between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supervised seven-day water-only fasting followed by structured refeeding was associated with reduced body weight, particularly in participants with obesity. Changes in body composition were BIA-derived estimates, while higher dynamometer scores represented measured test performance that may have been influenced by familiarization. Gut-microbiota alpha diversity was largely stable, with exploratory compositional changes supporting further investigation in controlled studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1873000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:35:57Z","timestamp":1787895357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of short-term intensive fasting on physical health and gut microbiota in obese individuals"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Tourism and Commerce Higher Vocational School","place":["Changzhou, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Nursing, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiabin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruohan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunhang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University","place":["Suzhou, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Health Futures, Soochow 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