{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T06:08:18Z","timestamp":1788761298501,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, for which effective disease-modifying strategies remain limited. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are central drivers of PD pathogenesis, highlighting the importance of cellular defense mechanisms targeting these processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of strawberry leaf extract (SLE), an agricultural by-product rich in polyphenols, using both in vitro and in vivo models of PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In SH-SY5Y cells, SLE significantly attenuated rotenone-induced loss of cell viability and suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mechanistically, SLE promoted nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased the expression of antioxidant genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and p62. Pharmacological inhibition experiments further indicated that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) contributes to SLE-induced Nrf2 activation. In addition to redox regulation, SLE modulated mitochondrial quality control pathways. Time-dependent alterations in mitophagy-related markers, including PINK1, Parkin, LC3, and p62, were observed, accompanied by recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings suggest that SLE influences mitochondrial homeostasis under oxidative stress conditions. In a rotenone-induced PD mouse model, SLE administration ameliorated motor dysfunction and attenuated the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these results demonstrate that SLE exerts neuroprotective effects through coordinated regulation of the AMPK -Nrf2 signaling axis and mitochondrial quality control pathways. This study provides mechanistic insight into the potential of food-derived bioactive compounds as modulators of neurodegenerative processes and highlights SLE as a promising candidate for PD prevention or intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1893670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T05:33:56Z","timestamp":1788759236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strawberry leaf extract protects dopaminergic neurons by restoring redox and mitochondrial homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chiharu","family":"Ueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamaki","family":"Tokumatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuka","family":"Sogame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Norikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Aomori University of Health and Welfare","place":["Aomori, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaro","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Aomori University of Health and Welfare","place":["Aomori, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Matsui-Yuasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Kojima-Yuasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"386","author":"Kalia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25945","article-title":"The prevalence of parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analyis","volume":"29","author":"Pringsheim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3299","article-title":"The Parkinson pandemic-a call to action","volume":"75","author":"Dorsey","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-012-1050-z","article-title":"Progression of moter symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Xia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101263","article-title":"Oxidative stress and regulated cell death in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"67","author":"Dionisio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01353-3","article-title":"Signaling pathways in Parkinson\u2019s disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2015.07.025","article-title":"Oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease; 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