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Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically analyze the change pattern of core gut microbiota in Chinese gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients and provide basis for GDM early microecological screening and probiotic intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Databases including PubMed, web of science, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched to identify reports on the association between gut microbiota and GDM. A quantitative system evaluation was conducted to assess the changes in core gut microbiota levels (such as\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , etc.) in GDM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Totally, 31 studies involving 6,157 subjects were included. Systematic analysis revealed that levels of\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SMD = \u22122.47, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      : \u22122.86 to \u22122.09) and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SMD = \u22121.82, 95% CI: \u22122.04 to \u22121.60) in the GDM were significantly lower than those in controls; while\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SMD = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.53 to 1.98) and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SMD = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.03 to 1.32) were significantly higher than those in non-GDM. Sensitivity analysis shows that the above findings are relatively robust.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      GDM exhibit significant gut microbiota dysbiosis. The reduction in\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the increase in\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      may be important micro biological features for the onset and progression of GDM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1902356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:24:50Z","timestamp":1790051090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A systematic analysis of gut microbiome characteristics in Chinese patients with gestational diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yukun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyi","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University","place":["Guilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112141-20210917-00528","article-title":"Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hyperglycemia in pregnancy (2022) (part I).","volume":"57","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Obstetr Gynecol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn115791-20220704-00324","article-title":"Chinese medical nutrition therapy guideline for diabetes (2022 edition).","volume":"14","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Diab Mellitus."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S282","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S015","article-title":"15. 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