{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:10:41Z","timestamp":1788844241013,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence regarding the combined influence of healthy plant-based dietary patterns and lifestyle behaviours on obesity-related cancer outcomes remains limited. We prospectively investigated the associations of the healthy plant-based diet-lifestyle (hPDI-Lifestyle) score with obesity-related cancer incidence and mortality in the UK Biobank.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 104,713 eligible participants, 93,763 were included in the primary complete-case analyses. The hPDI-Lifestyle score integrated healthy plant-based dietary quality, physical activity, smoking status, and sleep duration. Restricted cubic spline analyses were used to examine dose\u2013response relationships, and Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the three outcomes, including sex-stratified analyses. Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During median follow-up periods of 16.3, 15.0, and 15.1\u202fyears, respectively, 2,258 incident obesity-related cancers, 1,095 obesity-related cancer deaths, and 6,215 all-cause deaths were documented. Higher hPDI-Lifestyle scores were associated with lower risks of obesity-related cancer mortality and all-cause mortality. For obesity-related cancer incidence, an inverse association was observed overall, whereas sex-stratified analyses showed no statistically significant association among women. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile, those in the highest tertile had lower risks of obesity-related cancer incidence (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74\u20130.92), obesity-related cancer-specific mortality (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.56\u20130.77), and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.60\u20130.68). Each 1-SD increment in the hPDI-Lifestyle score was associated with 8, 18, and 22% lower risks of obesity-related cancer incidence, obesity-related cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher hPDI-Lifestyle scores were associated with lower risks of obesity-related cancer incidence, cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality. These findings require confirmation in more representative populations and intervention studies before preventive implications can be established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1922232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T04:26:54Z","timestamp":1788841614000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of healthy plant-based diet-lifestyle score with obesity-related cancer incidence and mortality: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jinzhou","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jifeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, De Anza College","place":["Cupertino, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buwei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina","place":["Columbia, SC, United States"]},{"name":"South Carolina SmartState Centre for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina","place":["Columbia, SC, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corona del Mar Middle and High School","place":["Newport Beach, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqiu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Wanyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Metabolic Dysregulation & Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Molecular Imaging","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15020485","article-title":"Obesity and cancer: a current overview of epidemiology, pathogenesis, outcomes, and management","volume":"15","author":"Pati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21440","article-title":"Proportion and number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in the United States","volume":"68","author":"Islami","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J 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