{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:48:43Z","timestamp":1791985723436,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The triglyceride\u2013cholesterol\u2013body weight index (TCBI) is a simple composite nutritional marker. However, its association with incident diabetes remains unclear. We examined this association in Chinese adults, focusing on non-linear and threshold effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 206,085 adults without baseline diabetes. TCBI was calculated as (TG \u00d7 TC \u00d7 body weight) \/ 1,000. We used Cox regression, restricted cubic splines, and segmented regression for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During follow-up, 4,093 participants developed incident diabetes. Higher TCBI was consistently associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes. In the fully adjusted model, each 1-SD increase in TCBI was associated with a 13% higher risk of incident diabetes (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.12\u20131.14;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), while each 1-unit increase in ln-TCBI was associated with a 94% higher risk (HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.86\u20132.03;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). Compared with participants in the lowest TCBI quartile (Q1), the fully adjusted HRs were 2.18 (95% CI: 1.83\u20132.59), 3.49 (95% CI: 2.95\u20134.12), and 6.53 (95% CI: 5.53\u20137.72) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for trend &amp;lt; 0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a non-linear association between ln-TCBI and incident diabetes (P for non-linearity &amp;lt; 0.001). Segmented regression identified a potential threshold at ln-TCBI = 6.828 (original TCBI \u2248 923), with positive associations observed both below (HR = 2.223, 95% CI: 1.613\u20133.062) and above (HR = 1.901, 95% CI: 1.787\u20132.022) the threshold.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that TCBI may represent an accessible composite metabolic indicator associated with diabetes risk; however, whether TCBI provides additional information beyond established metabolic indicators and whether the identified threshold has clinical relevance require further validation in diverse populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  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