{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:46:13Z","timestamp":1790419573230,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T04:30:41Z","timestamp":1551414641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Combination of Intravesical Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin and Chemotherapy vs. Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin Alone in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Hui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian-Tao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Huan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30512-8","article-title":"Bladder cancer","volume":"388","author":"Kamat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1586\/era.11.69","article-title":"Efficacy of combined intravesical immunotherapy and chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"11","author":"Hilton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.05.002","article-title":"Management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a comprehensive analysis of guidelines from the United States, Europe and Asia","volume":"47","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2017.60376","article-title":"What is new in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in 2016?","volume":"43","author":"Kamat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Turk J Urol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13760","article-title":"Guideline of guidelines: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"119","author":"Woldu","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E690","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.3320","article-title":"CUA guidelines on the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"9","author":"Kassouf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.06.049","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: AUA\/SUO guideline","volume":"196","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2017.64624","article-title":"Alternative therapies in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"43","author":"Sanli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Turk J Urol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.05.041","article-title":"EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: update 2016","volume":"71","author":"Babjuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.08.015","article-title":"Intravesical pharmacotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a critical analysis of currently available drugs, treatment schedules, and long-term results","volume":"53","author":"Witjes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11390.x","article-title":"Intravesical chemotherapy plus bacille Calmette-Guerin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Houghton","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154870","article-title":"Application of hazard ratio in meta analysis of survival data","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Evid Based Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-16","article-title":"Practical methods for incorporating summary time-to-event data into meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tierney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3969\/j.1674-4055.2014.03.02","article-title":"Extracting and transforming of appropriate data of Meta-analysis in survival curve","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Evid Based Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"B16","first-page":"634","article-title":"Observation on the efficiency of different drugs by bladder instillation for prevention of recurrences in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Pei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shanxi Med J."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e945","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-9056(15)60933-2","article-title":"Is intravesical BCG alone still the only truly effective intravesical therapy for high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer?","volume":"14","author":"Di Stasi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Urol Suppl."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.09.026","article-title":"Sequential combination of mitomycin C plus bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is more effective but more toxic than BCG alone in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in intermediate- and high-risk patients: final outcome of CUETO 93009, a randomized prospective trial","volume":"67","author":"Solsona","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.13286\/j.cnki.chinhosppharmacyj.2014.17.18","article-title":"Effects of intravesical instillation of mitomycin-C plus immunomodulators on the prevention of recurrence of bladder cancer and the safety analysis","volume":"34","author":"Gong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin Hosp Pharm J."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-4695.2013.12.019","article-title":"Clinical observation on Bacillus Calmette - Guerin combined with mitomycin C in prevention of post - operative recurrence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma in bladder","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clini Exp Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382012000400006","article-title":"The value of perioperative mitomycin C instillation in improving subsequent bacillus calmette-guerin instillation efficacy in intermediate and high-risk patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a prospective randomized study","volume":"38","author":"Gulpinar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.02.1188","article-title":"Immediate mitomycin C instillation followed by usual BCG course versus usual BCG alone for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (4 years experience)","volume":"183","author":"El Kader","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"768","article-title":"Curative effect of alternate mitomycin and bacille calmette guerin (BCG) alternate irrigation of bladder for treatment of superficial bladder tumor","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"China J Endoscopy."},{"key":"B24","first-page":"988","article-title":"Curative effect observation of preventing bladder carcinoma recidivation after operation by perfusing pirarubicin and bacille calmette guerin in turn","volume":"37","author":"Song","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin J Med Offic."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.03.038","article-title":"Can early single dose instillation of epirubicin improve bacillus Calmette-Guerin efficacy in patients with nonmuscle invasive high risk bladder cancer?","volume":"180","author":"Cai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1674-8182.2007.03.008","article-title":"Intravesical Instillation of mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guerin for the prevention of post-operative recurrence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chinese Med Factory Mine."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2042.2000.00176.x","article-title":"Clinical experience with BCG alone versus BCG plus epirubicin","volume":"7","author":"Bilen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Urol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68555-2","article-title":"Sequential bacillus Calmette-Guerin and epirubicin versus bacillus Calmette-Guerin alone for superficial bladder tumors: a randomized prospective study","volume":"162","author":"Ali-El-Dein","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0055-4","article-title":"Mechanisms of BCG immunotherapy and its outlook for bladder cancer","volume":"15","author":"Pettenati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66691-6","article-title":"Alternating mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation therapy for carcinoma in situ of the bladder. The Finnbladder group","volume":"154","author":"Rintala","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65936-6","article-title":"Alternating mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation prophylaxis for recurrent papillary (stages Ta to T1) superficial bladder cancer. Finnbladder Group","volume":"156","author":"Rintala","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62377-2","article-title":"Results of a randomized phase III trial of sequential intravesical therapy with mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus mitomycin C alone in patients with superficial bladder cancer","volume":"160","author":"Witjes","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-015-1431-6","article-title":"BCG+MMC trial: adding mitomycin C to BCG as adjuvant intravesical therapy for high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomised phase III trial (ANZUP 1301)","volume":"15","author":"Hayne","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cancer."},{"key":"B34","first-page":"147","article-title":"Randomised phase 3 trial of the addition of mitomycin to bcg as adjuvant intravesical therapy for high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer(anzup 1301)","volume":"11","author":"Chalasani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific J Clini Oncol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03421-5","article-title":"Systematic review and cumulative analysis of the combination of mitomycin C plus Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"7","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2016_616","article-title":"Comparison of the combination therapy of bacillus Calmette-Guerin and mitomycin C with the monotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Lan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neoplasma."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2572","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002572","article-title":"Combination of intravesical chemotherapy and bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus bacillus calmette-guerin monotherapy in intermediate- and high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00121\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T04:30:45Z","timestamp":1551414645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00121\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2019.00121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00121","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"article-number":"121"}}